Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain.
Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Aug 14;25(16):8836. doi: 10.3390/ijms25168836.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) affects approximately 2 million people worldwide. Obesity is the major risk factor for CRC. In addition, obesity contributes to a chronic inflammatory stage that enhances tumor progression through the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. In addition to an increased inflammatory response, obesity-associated cancer presents accrued molecular factors related to cancer characteristics, such as genome instability, sustained cell proliferation, telomere dysfunctions, angiogenesis, and microbial alteration, among others. Despite the evidence accumulated over the last few years, the treatments for obesity-associated CRC do not differ from the CRC treatments in normal-weight individuals. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on obesity-associated cancer, including its epidemiology, risk factors, molecular factors, and current treatments. Finally, we enumerate possible new therapeutic targets that may improve the conditions of obese CRC patients. Obesity is key for the development of CRC, and treatments resulting in the reversal of obesity should be considered as a strategy for improving antineoplastic CRC therapies.
结直肠癌（CRC）影响全球约 200 万人。肥胖是 CRC 的主要危险因素。此外，肥胖会导致慢性炎症阶段，通过分泌促炎细胞因子促进肿瘤进展。除了炎症反应增加外，与肥胖相关的癌症还存在与癌症特征相关的累积分子因素，例如基因组不稳定性、持续的细胞增殖、端粒功能障碍、血管生成和微生物改变等。尽管近年来积累了大量证据，但肥胖相关 CRC 的治疗方法与正常体重个体的 CRC 治疗方法并无不同。在这篇综述中，我们总结了肥胖相关癌症的最新知识，包括其流行病学、危险因素、分子因素和当前的治疗方法。最后，我们列举了可能改善肥胖 CRC 患者病情的新治疗靶点。肥胖是 CRC 发展的关键，应将导致肥胖逆转的治疗方法视为改善抗肿瘤 CRC 治疗的策略。
