Chen Junhao, Ke Kaimin, Liu Zhenghuan, Yang Luchen, Wang Linchun, Zhou Jing, Dong Qiang
West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Nutr Cancer. 2023;75(4):1051-1064. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2023.2180824. Epub 2023 Feb 21.
Increasing evidence indicates that obesity is a risk factor for various tumors. We aimed to clarify the evidence for an association between body mass index (BMI) and cancer risk based on existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Eighteen studies were included in this umbrella review after searching PubMed, Embase and Web of science. The results revealed that underweight was inversely associated with the incidence of brain tumors and positively related to the risk of esophageal and lung cancer. Overweight enhances the incidence of brain tumors, kidney cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, multiple myeloma, bladder cancer and liver cancer. Obesity was related to the increased incidence of brain tumors, cervical cancer, kidney cancer, endometrial cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, ovarian cancer, multiple myeloma, gallbladder cancer, bladder cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, thyroid cancer and Hodgkin's lymphoma. Moreover, dose-response analysis was conducted by 10 studies, and the results demonstrated that each 5 Kg/m increase in BMI was associated with a 1.01- to 1.13-fold increased risk of general brain tumors, multiple myeloma, bladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Every 1 Kg/m increase in BMI was linked to 6% and 4% increases in the risk of kidney cancer and gallbladder cancer, respectively.
越来越多的证据表明，肥胖是多种肿瘤的危险因素。我们旨在基于现有的系统评价和荟萃分析，阐明体重指数（BMI）与癌症风险之间关联的证据。在检索PubMed、Embase和科学网后，本伞状评价纳入了18项研究。结果显示，体重过轻与脑肿瘤发病率呈负相关，与食管癌和肺癌风险呈正相关。超重会增加脑肿瘤、肾癌、子宫内膜癌、卵巢癌、多发性骨髓瘤、膀胱癌和肝癌的发病率。肥胖与脑肿瘤、宫颈癌、肾癌、子宫内膜癌、食管癌、胃癌、卵巢癌、多发性骨髓瘤、胆囊癌、膀胱癌、结直肠癌、肝癌、甲状腺癌和霍奇金淋巴瘤的发病率增加有关。此外，10项研究进行了剂量反应分析，结果表明，BMI每增加5 Kg/m²，一般脑肿瘤、多发性骨髓瘤、膀胱癌、胰腺癌、乳腺癌和非霍奇金淋巴瘤的风险增加1.01至1.13倍。BMI每增加1 Kg/m²，肾癌和胆囊癌的风险分别增加6%和4%。
