Department of Agronomy, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran.
Balochistan Agriculture Research Center, Quetta, Pakistan.
Environ Geochem Health. 2023 Sep;45(9):6903-6913. doi: 10.1007/s10653-023-01584-x. Epub 2023 May 5.
Water deficiency, especially in the arid and semi-arid areas, necessitates the proper water use and recycling. The objective was to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation as well as treated wastewater on the biochemical properties of Rosmarinus officinalis L., grown in the arid area of Iranshahr, Iran. A split-split plot design on the basis of a complete randomized block design with three replicates was conducted in 2017. Irrigation water treatments of (I1 = 100% of field capacity, FC), 75% of FC (I2), and 50% of FC (I3) as main plots, reduced (S1), and partial irrigation (S2), as sub-plots, and well water (Q1), treated wastewater (Q2), and the combination of Q1 and Q2 (Q3, 50% + 50%), as sub-sub plots, were tested. Plant biochemical properties including proline (Pr), soluble sugars (SS), and essential oil volume (V) and yield (Y) as well as water use efficiency (WUE) were determined. The I2, treatment, compared with I1, increased Pr, SS, V, Y and WUE by 34.4, 31.9, 52.6, 34.3, and 48.1%, respectively. The S2 treatment also increased plant biochemical properties more than 45% related to S1, and Q2 significantly enhanced the measured parameters compared with Q1 and Q3. Treated wastewater improved the essential oil yield of the plant in water deficit conditions. Accordingly, under deficit water conditions, treatment I2S2, and in the case of unfavorable water sources and deficit water conditions, treatment I2Q2 are recommendable to alleviate water stress and improve the biochemical properties of Rosmarinus officinalis L. in the arid areas.
水分亏缺，尤其是在干旱和半干旱地区，需要合理利用和回收水资源。本研究的目的是调查亏缺灌溉和处理后的废水对生长在伊朗伊兰沙赫尔干旱地区的迷迭香（Rosmarinus officinalis L.）生化特性的影响。2017 年采用裂区-裂区完全随机设计，三次重复。主处理为三个灌溉水分处理（I1=田间持水量（FC）的 100%、I2=75%的 FC、I3=50%的 FC），副处理为两个灌溉方式（S1=减少灌溉、S2=部分灌溉），亚处理为三个灌溉水源（Q1=井水、Q2=处理后的废水、Q3=Q1 和 Q2 的混合，50%+50%）。测定了植物生化特性，包括脯氨酸（Pr）、可溶性糖（SS）、精油体积（V）和产量（Y）以及水分利用效率（WUE）。与 I1 相比，I2 处理增加了 Pr、SS、V、Y 和 WUE 分别为 34.4%、31.9%、52.6%、34.3%和 48.1%。S2 处理也比 S1 增加了超过 45%的植物生化特性，Q2 处理与 Q1 和 Q3 相比显著提高了测定参数。处理后的废水在水分亏缺条件下提高了植物精油的产量。因此，在水分亏缺条件下，推荐处理 I2S2；在不利的水源和水分亏缺条件下，推荐处理 I2Q2，以缓解水分胁迫，改善干旱地区迷迭香的生化特性。
