University Hospital OWL, Bielefeld University, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Remterweg 69-71, D-33617 Bielefeld, Germany; Bielefeld University, Department of Biopsychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
University Hospital OWL, Bielefeld University, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Remterweg 69-71, D-33617 Bielefeld, Germany.
Accid Anal Prev. 2023 Jul;187:107086. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2023.107086. Epub 2023 May 3.
Older drivers often show less precise self-ratings with a tendency to overestimate themselves. It is unclear, however, how overestimators differ from underestimators or drivers with adequate self-ratings.
59 healthy older drivers participated in this on-road study. Besides standardized on-road driving assessment, the study protocol included the collection of neuropsychological and driving-related data as well as different self-ratings. Statistical analyses involved correlations between different subjective and objective ratings as well as statistical comparisons between drivers who overestimated and drivers who adequately rated their on-road driving performance (no drivers underestimated their performance).
Despite positive correlations between different self- and expert ratings, our results revealed that 25 % of the participants overestimated their on-road driving skills. Among other things, overestimators showed poorer on-road driving performances, more prospective near and minor at-fault accidents, poorer cognitive performances in specific driving-related domains and reduced annual mileage.
Our results suggest that older drivers who overestimate their driving skills show poorer performances within a broad range of skills that directly reflect or are closely related to driving safety. Against the background that an adequate self-assessment is required by German traffic regulations, our findings suggest that overestimators represent a risk group among the population of older drivers.
老年驾驶员在自我评估时往往不够准确，倾向于高估自己。然而，尚不清楚高估者与低估者或自我评估准确的驾驶员有何不同。
本研究纳入 59 名健康的老年驾驶员。除了标准化的道路驾驶评估外，研究方案还包括神经心理学和驾驶相关数据的收集以及不同的自我评估。统计分析包括不同主观和客观评估之间的相关性，以及高估和准确评估其道路驾驶表现的驾驶员（没有低估其表现的驾驶员）之间的统计比较。
尽管自我评估和专家评估之间存在正相关，但我们的结果表明，25%的参与者高估了他们的道路驾驶技能。此外，高估者的道路驾驶表现较差，更有可能发生预期的近距和轻微事故，在特定与驾驶相关的认知领域的表现较差，且每年的行驶里程较少。
我们的结果表明，高估自己驾驶技能的老年驾驶员在广泛的技能范围内表现较差，这些技能直接反映或与驾驶安全密切相关。在德国交通法规要求进行适当的自我评估的背景下，我们的发现表明，高估者是老年驾驶员群体中的一个风险群体。
