Lectin binding by eosinophils.

Lectins which identify carbohydrates and glycoproteins have been used to characterize specific components of the surface of guinea pig peritoneal exudate eosinophils. Agglutination of eosinophils purified by discontinuous metrizamide gradients was scored microscopically. Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) was most effective (0.05 micrograms/ml). However, higher concentrations of soybean lectin and concanavalin A (Con A) were also effective. No differences in lectin binding were noted between eosinophils harvested from uninfected animals, Trichinella spiralis-infected animals, or animals receiving weekly intraperitoneal injections of polymyxin B. Neuraminidase pretreatment to remove surface sialic acid reduced agglutination by WGA. Eosinophils did not adhere to WGA-coated Sepharose beads; however, they did adhere to Con A-coated beads. Pretreatment with neuraminidase did not affect the adherence of eosinophils to plastic surfaces, suggesting that sialic acid does not play an important role in adherence. Formation of lectin-inhibitor complexes within the incubation mixture complicated interpretation of studies of binding to plastic surfaces. These studies demonstrate that lectin binding sites are present on the surface of eosinophils. Lectin-type binding may be important in interactions between eosinophils and noningestible parasites.