Victorian Healthcare Associated Infection Surveillance System (VICNISS) Coordinating Centre, VIC 3000, Australia; National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Department of Nursing, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010.
Safer Care Victoria, VIC 3000, Australia.
Infect Dis Health. 2023 Nov;28(4):253-258. doi: 10.1016/j.idh.2023.03.005. Epub 2023 May 3.
For older persons, vaccination mitigates the harmful impact of vaccine preventable infections. Our study objectives were to evaluate in the Victorian public sector residential aged care services (PSRACS) (1) the existence of local vaccination policies and admission assessment practices, (2) the current documented status of resident influenza, pneumococcal and herpes zoster vaccination uptake and (3) changes in documented resident vaccination uptake over time.
Standardised data were annually reported by all PSRACS between 2018 and 2022. The influenza, pneumococcal and herpes zoster vaccination status of each resident was classified as vaccinated, declined, contraindicated or unknown. Annual trends in vaccination status were assessed using Spearman's correlation.
In 2022, most PSRACS reported an influenza immunisation policy existed (87.1%) and new residents were assessed for their influenza vaccination status (97.2%); fewer PSRACS reported the same for pneumococcal disease (73.1% and 78.9%) and herpes zoster (69.3% and 75.6%). The median resident influenza, pneumococcal and herpes zoster (70-79 years old) vaccination uptake was 86.8%, 32.8% and 19.3% respectively. The median unknown status was 6.9%, 63.0% and 76.0% respectively. Statistical evidence of an increase in annual uptake was observed for the herpes zoster (all resident) surveillance module (r = 0.900, p = 0.037).
Our study showed local influenza vaccination policies and practices exist and influenza vaccination uptake was consistently high. Pneumococcal and herpes zoster vaccination uptake were lower. Quality improvement strategies that at least determine the status of those residents classified as unknown are required.
对于老年人而言，疫苗接种可减轻疫苗可预防感染的有害影响。我们的研究目的是评估维多利亚州公共部门养老院服务（PSRACS）中的以下内容：（1）是否存在本地疫苗接种政策和入院评估实践；（2）当前记录的居民流感、肺炎球菌和带状疱疹疫苗接种率；（3）随时间推移记录的居民疫苗接种率变化。
2018 年至 2022 年期间，所有 PSRACS 每年均报告标准化数据。每位居民的流感、肺炎球菌和带状疱疹疫苗接种状态被归类为已接种、拒绝接种、禁忌或未知。使用 Spearman 相关系数评估疫苗接种状态的年度趋势。
2022 年，大多数 PSRACS 报告存在流感免疫政策（87.1%），且会对新入住居民评估其流感疫苗接种状况（97.2%）；而对于肺炎球菌疾病（73.1%和 78.9%）和带状疱疹（69.3%和 75.6%），报告存在相同政策的 PSRACS 较少。70-79 岁居民的流感、肺炎球菌和带状疱疹（分别为 70-79 岁）疫苗接种率中位数分别为 86.8%、32.8%和 19.3%。中位数的未知状态分别为 6.9%、63.0%和 76.0%。带状疱疹（所有居民）监测模块的年度接种率呈上升趋势（r=0.900，p=0.037），这具有统计学意义。
我们的研究表明，存在本地流感疫苗接种政策和实践，且流感疫苗接种率一直很高。肺炎球菌和带状疱疹疫苗接种率较低。需要采取质量改进策略，至少确定那些被归类为未知状态的居民的状况。
