Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Vaccine. 2024 May 31;42(15):3404-3409. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.031. Epub 2024 May 3.
Globally, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and illness. Vaccine-preventable infections may increase acute coronary vascular disease events and the risk of complications. Low vaccine coverage has been reported among adults at high risk of complications from vaccine-preventable infections. There is a gap in research evidence around determinants of uptake of vaccines among adults with CVD. This study examined the uptake of influenza, pneumococcal and zoster vaccines and the determinants of uptake of the vaccines among cardiac patients.
A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out among hospitalised cardiac patients through an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to investigate self-reported uptake of influenza, pneumococcal and zoster vaccines. Univariate and multivariate analyses of participants' social demographic and clinical characteristics were conducted to identify factors for receiving influenza vaccine.
Low vaccination rates among 104 participants were found for influenza (45.2%), pneumococcal (13.5%) and zoster (5.8%) vaccines. The most common reason for not receiving influenza vaccine was concern about side effects. Lack of awareness about the pneumococcal and zoster vaccines was the main reason for the poor uptake of these vaccines. Australia-born participants were more likely to receive influenza vaccine than overseas-born participants. Working-age participants and, interestingly, people living with a current smoker were less likely to receive influenza vaccine.
Influenza, pneumococcal and zoster vaccine uptake among cardiac patients was low. Encouraging physician recommendations for vaccination for cardiac patients under 65 years of age and addressing vaccination challenges among people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds and pharmacy, workplace, and hospital vaccination may help increase vaccination uptake among cardiac patients.
在全球范围内，心血管疾病（CVD）是导致死亡和患病的主要原因。可通过疫苗预防的感染可能会增加急性冠状动脉血管疾病事件和并发症的风险。据报道，有并发症高风险的成年人对可通过疫苗预防的感染的疫苗接种率较低。在患有 CVD 的成年人中，疫苗接种率的决定因素方面的研究证据存在差距。本研究检查了心脏患者接种流感、肺炎球菌和带状疱疹疫苗的情况及其决定因素。
通过访谈员管理的问卷，在住院心脏病患者中进行了前瞻性横断面研究。使用描述性统计数据来调查流感、肺炎球菌和带状疱疹疫苗的自我报告接种情况。对参与者的社会人口统计学和临床特征进行单变量和多变量分析，以确定接受流感疫苗的因素。
在 104 名参与者中，流感（45.2%）、肺炎球菌（13.5%）和带状疱疹（5.8%）疫苗的接种率较低。未接种流感疫苗的最常见原因是担心副作用。缺乏对肺炎球菌和带状疱疹疫苗的认识是这些疫苗接种率低的主要原因。与海外出生的参与者相比，澳大利亚出生的参与者更有可能接种流感疫苗。有趣的是，处于工作年龄的参与者和与当前吸烟者同住的人不太可能接种流感疫苗。
心脏患者的流感、肺炎球菌和带状疱疹疫苗接种率较低。鼓励对 65 岁以下心脏病患者的疫苗接种推荐，并解决来自文化和语言不同背景的人群以及药房、工作场所和医院接种疫苗的挑战，可能有助于增加心脏病患者的疫苗接种率。
