Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of the LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Schoen Clinic Roseneck, Prien am Chiemsee, Germany.
Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Appetite. 2023 Aug 1;187:106592. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106592. Epub 2023 May 5.
The Hedonic Overeating-Questionnaire is a brief self-report measure for the trait assessment of liking (pleasure to eat; consummatory reward component), wanting (food craving; anticipatory reward component), and dyscontrol (loss of control over eating). In the original validation study, higher scores on each of the three subscales related to higher body mass index (BMI). However, theories on food reward and self-regulation suggest that overeating and obesity may also result from interactions between these aspects. Therefore, we reanalyzed the data of the original, cross-sectional study (N = 2504, 53% female) and explored whether liking, wanting, and dyscontrol scores interactively predicted BMI. Indeed, there was a significant interaction effect Wanting × Dyscontrol on BMI such that higher dyscontrol scores related to higher BMI, particularly at high wanting scores. The other two-way interactions and the three-way interaction were not significant. Results do not support certain theories on food reward (e.g., the incentive-sensitization theory of addiction and its application to obesity), which would suggest an interactive effect between liking and wanting on BMI. However, they do support dual systems models of self-regulation that suggest that overeating and obesity result from an interplay of strong bottom-up impulses (here: wanting) and weak top-down control (here: dyscontrol).
快感性暴食问卷是一种简短的自评量表，用于特质评估喜好（进食愉悦感；摄食奖赏成分）、渴望（食物渴求；预期奖赏成分）和失控（无法控制进食）。在最初的验证研究中，三个分量表上的得分越高，体重指数（BMI）越高。然而，关于食物奖赏和自我调节的理论表明，暴食和肥胖也可能是这些方面相互作用的结果。因此，我们重新分析了原始横断面研究的数据（N=2504，女性占 53%），并探讨了喜好、渴望和失控得分是否会相互作用预测 BMI。确实，渴望与失控之间存在显著的交互作用，对 BMI 有影响，即较高的失控得分与较高的 BMI 相关，尤其是在渴望得分较高时。其他两个二项式交互作用和三项式交互作用不显著。结果不支持某些关于食物奖赏的理论（例如，成瘾的激励敏感理论及其在肥胖中的应用），这些理论表明，喜好和渴望对 BMI 有交互作用。然而，它们确实支持自我调节的双系统模型，该模型表明，暴食和肥胖是由强烈的自下而上的冲动（此处为渴望）和较弱的自上而下的控制（此处为失控）相互作用引起的。
