Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Bio-Prospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2023 Sep 15;313:116603. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116603. Epub 2023 May 4.
ETHNOBOTANICAL RELEVANCE: Rosa damascena Mill. (Rosaceae), commonly known as damask rose, is an ancient medicinal and perfumery plant used in Traditional Unani Medicine due to various therapeutic effects, including cardiovascular benefits. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to evaluate the vasorelaxant effect of the 2-phenyl ethyl alcohol (PEA) isolated from the spent flowers of R. damascena which remain after the extraction of essential oil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The freshly collected flowers of R. damascena were hydro-distilled in a Clevenger's type apparatus to extract the rose essential oil (REO). After removing the REO, the spent-flower hydro-distillate was collected and extracted with organic solvents to yield a spent-flower hydro-distillate extract (SFHE), which was further purified by column chromatography. The SFHE and its isolate were characterized by gas chromatography (GC-FID), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. The PEA, isolated from SFHE, was evaluated for vasorelaxation response in conduit blood vessels like rat aorta and resistant vessels like mesenteric artery. The preliminary screening of PEA was done in aortic preparation pre-constricted with phenylephrine/U46619. Further, a concentration-dependent relaxation response to PEA has been elicited in both endothelium-intact and endothelium-denuded arterial rings, and the mode of action was explored. RESULTS: The SFHE revealed the presence of PEA as the main constituent (89.36%), which was further purified by column chromatography to a purity of 95.0%. The PEA exhibited potent vasorelaxation response both in conduit vessels like the rat aorta and resistance vessels like the mesenteric artery. The relaxation response is mediated without any involvement of vascular endothelium. Further, TEA sensitive BK channel was found to be the major target for PEA-induced relaxation response in these blood vessels. CONCLUSIONS: The spent flowers of R. damascena, which remain after the extraction of REO, could be used to extract PEA. The PEA possessed marked vasorelaxation properties in both aorta and mesenteric artery and showed promise for development into an herbal product against hypertension.
民族植物学相关性：大马士革玫瑰（蔷薇科），通常称为大马士革玫瑰，是一种古老的药用和香料植物，由于具有多种治疗作用，包括心血管益处，在传统的顺势疗法中被使用。
研究目的：本研究旨在评估从大马士革玫瑰的废花中分离得到的 2-苯乙醇（PEA）的血管舒张作用，这些废花是在提取精油后留下的。
材料和方法：新鲜采集的大马士革玫瑰花朵在克利夫兰型仪器中进行水蒸馏，以提取玫瑰精油（REO）。在去除 REO 后，收集废花的水蒸馏物，并使用有机溶剂提取，得到废花的水蒸馏提取物（SFHE），然后通过柱色谱进一步纯化。SFHE 及其分离物通过气相色谱（GC-FID）、气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）和核磁共振（NMR）技术进行表征。从 SFHE 中分离得到的 PEA，在大鼠主动脉等传导血管和肠系膜动脉等阻力血管中评估其血管舒张反应。在预先用苯肾上腺素/U46619 收缩的主动脉标本中进行 PEA 的初步筛选。进一步，在有和无血管内皮的动脉环中，均诱发了对 PEA 的浓度依赖性舒张反应，并探讨了其作用方式。
结果：SFHE 显示 PEA 是主要成分（89.36%），进一步通过柱色谱法纯化至纯度为 95.0%。PEA 在大鼠主动脉等传导血管和肠系膜动脉等阻力血管中均表现出强大的血管舒张反应。这种舒张反应是在没有任何血管内皮参与的情况下介导的。此外，发现 TEA 敏感的 BK 通道是 PEA 诱导这些血管舒张反应的主要靶标。
结论：从提取 REO 后剩下的大马士革玫瑰废花中可以提取 PEA。PEA 在主动脉和肠系膜动脉中均具有显著的血管舒张特性，有望开发成为治疗高血压的草药产品。
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