Momeni Khodamorad, Salimi Yahya, Majzoobi Mohammad Reza, Ziapour Arash, Janjani Parisa
Faculty of Social Sciences Razi University Kermanshah Iran.
Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran.
Health Sci Rep. 2023 May 2;6(5):e1233. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.1233. eCollection 2023 May.
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused new conditions such as nationwide quarantine, a dramatic decrease in-person interaction and an increase in death anxiety for governments and people. The pandemic of an unpredictable disease with no definite treatment can pose physical and psychological risks to individuals. The present study aimed to investigate the state of anxiety, coping styles, and hopelessness of people in the lockdown period and reopening in Iran.
In this national population-based cross-sectional study, a total of 1191 people who had access to social networks from all over Iran completed the anxiety, hopelessness, and coping style questionnaires online using the snowball sampling method. Analysis was conducted using Stata software version 12 (Stat Corp). The significance level was set at 0.05.
The results of the study suggested that women experienced higher levels of anxiety than men, and, in stressful situations, women were more likely to use emotion-focused coping styles, while men frequently used problem-focused coping styles. The majority of participants reported moderate levels of anxiety and low levels of hopelessness (64.04%). The results of multiple linear regression show any level of anxiety mild ( = 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.32-0.85), moderate ( = 0.72, 95% CI: 1.36-1.08), and severe ( = 2, 95% CI: 1.36-2.56) relative to the none anxiety significantly increase the hopelessness, Furthermore, showing a negative significant adjusted association with the problem-focused coping style ( = -0.06, 95% CI: -0.07 to -0.04), and a significant positive association with the emotion-focused coping style ( = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.02-0.06).
Our findings could be used to prevent psychological damage in societies and suggested addressing problem-focused coping style, especially during a crisis, and providing people with preprepared mental health protocols at this pandemic.
新冠疫情给各国政府和民众带来了诸如全国范围封锁、面对面交流急剧减少以及死亡焦虑增加等新情况。一种无法预测且无明确治疗方法的疾病大流行会给个人带来生理和心理风险。本研究旨在调查伊朗封锁期间及解封后民众的焦虑状态、应对方式和绝望感。
在这项基于全国人口的横断面研究中，采用雪球抽样法，共有1191名来自伊朗各地且能使用社交网络的人在线完成了焦虑、绝望和应对方式问卷。使用Stata软件12版（Stat Corp）进行分析。显著性水平设定为0.05。
研究结果表明，女性的焦虑水平高于男性，在压力情境下，女性更倾向于采用以情绪为中心的应对方式，而男性则经常采用以问题为中心的应对方式。大多数参与者报告焦虑水平为中度，绝望感较低（64.04%）。多元线性回归结果显示，相对于无焦虑状态，任何程度的轻度焦虑（β = 0.59，95%置信区间[CI]：0.32 - 0.85）、中度焦虑（β = 0.72，95% CI：1.36 - 1.08）和重度焦虑（β = 2，95% CI：1.36 - 2.56）都会显著增加绝望感，此外，与以问题为中心的应对方式呈显著负相关（β = -0.06，95% CI：-0.07至-0.04），与以情绪为中心的应对方式呈显著正相关（β = 0.04，95% CI：0.02 - 0.06）。
我们的研究结果可用于预防社会中的心理伤害，并建议关注以问题为中心的应对方式，尤其是在危机期间，同时在此次疫情期间为民众提供预先准备好的心理健康方案。
