一线护士中与新冠病毒病相关的健康焦虑与应对方式之间的相关性
Correlation between COVID-19-related health anxiety and coping styles among frontline nurses.
作者信息
Saeedi Maryam, Abedini Zahra, Latif Maryam, Piruzhashemi Masoumeh
机构信息
Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran.
Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2023 Jul 10;22(1):238. doi: 10.1186/s12912-023-01344-3.
BACKGROUND
The long-term epidemic of COVID-19 and its recurrence has exposed frontline nurses to mental disorders such as stress and health anxiety. High levels of health anxiety associated with COVID-19 may lead to maladaptive behaviors. There is no agreement on which coping styles are most effective against stress. Therefore, more evidence is required to find better adaptive behaviors. The present study was conducted to investigate the correlation between the level of health anxiety and the type of coping strategies used by frontline nurses fighting COVID-19.
METHODS
This is a cross-sectional study that was performed on a convenience sample of 386 nurses who are working in the COVID department from October to December 2020, coinciding with the outbreak of the third COVID-19 peak in Iran. Data were collected through a demographic questionnaire, the short version of the health anxiety questionnaire, and coping inventory for stressful situations. Data were analyzed using independent T-test, U-Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests with SPSS version 23 software.
RESULTS
The mean score of nurses' health anxiety was 17.61 ± 9.26 which was more than the cut-off point for health anxiety and 59.1% of nurses had COVID-19-related health anxiety. The mean score of problem coping style (26.85 ± 5.19), was higher than emotion (18.48 ± 5.63) and avoidance (19.64 ± 5.88) coping styles and nurses mostly used problem-coping strategies to deal with anxiety caused by COVID-19. There was a positive significant correlation between the scores of health anxiety and emotion coping style (r = 0.54; P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Based on the findings of this study, COVID-19-related health anxiety was high in front-line nurses and those with high health anxiety were more likely to use emotion-based coping strategies, which are ineffective. Therefore, considering strategies to reduce nurses' health anxiety and holding training programs on effective coping methods in epidemic conditions are recommended.
背景
新冠疫情的长期流行及其反复出现，使一线护士面临压力和健康焦虑等精神障碍。与新冠疫情相关的高度健康焦虑可能导致适应不良行为。对于哪种应对方式对压力最有效，目前尚无定论。因此，需要更多证据来找到更好的适应行为。本研究旨在调查抗击新冠疫情的一线护士的健康焦虑水平与所采用的应对策略类型之间的相关性。
方法
这是一项横断面研究，对2020年10月至12月在新冠科室工作的386名护士进行了便利抽样，这与伊朗第三次新冠疫情高峰爆发时间一致。通过人口统计学问卷、健康焦虑问卷简版和应激情景应对量表收集数据。使用SPSS 23软件进行独立样本t检验、曼-惠特尼U检验和克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯统计检验对数据进行分析。
结果
护士的健康焦虑平均得分为17.61±9.26，高于健康焦虑的临界值，59.1%的护士存在与新冠疫情相关的健康焦虑。问题应对方式的平均得分（26.85±5.19）高于情绪应对方式（18.48±5.63）和回避应对方式（19.64±5.88），护士大多采用问题应对策略来应对由新冠疫情引起的焦虑。健康焦虑得分与情绪应对方式得分之间存在显著正相关（r = 0.54；P < 0.001）。
结论
基于本研究结果，一线护士中与新冠疫情相关的健康焦虑程度较高，健康焦虑程度高的护士更有可能采用基于情绪的应对策略，而这些策略是无效的。因此，建议考虑采取策略降低护士的健康焦虑，并开展关于疫情条件下有效应对方法的培训项目。
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