Warren Amy, Blundell Barbara, Chung Donna, Waters Rebecca
Curtin University, Perth WA, Australia.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2024 Apr;25(2):965-981. doi: 10.1177/15248380231169486. Epub 2023 May 8.
Family violence may be experienced at any stage of the lifespan; however, these experiences are often understood differently based on the age of the victim and who perpetrates the abuse. The significance of age is evident in the three categories of child abuse, domestic and family violence (DFV), and elder abuse. Each of these categories has its own definition which determines who is considered a victim or a perpetrator, and the behaviors counted as violent and abusive. These definitions influence how practitioners view victim-survivors' experiences of violence, and the subsequent available responses. This article reports the findings of a scoping review of international literature published between 2011 and 2021, which explored how family violence is categorized and defined. The review was conducted as part of a larger study exploring how violence against women in intimate and family contexts is conceptualized and experienced, as well as the available responses. Forty-eight articles were included in the final review, and five categories of violence in family and intimate contexts were identified. These were child abuse, DFV, elder abuse, adolescent-to-parent violence, and sibling abuse. Comparison of definitions across categories found similarities in terms of the relationship between victim and perpetrator, behavior, intention, and harm caused to the victim. Review findings suggest that definitions of various forms of family violence do not differ greatly. Further research is needed to determine whether responses to family violence across the lifespan can and should be streamlined.
家庭暴力可能发生在人生的任何阶段；然而，根据受害者的年龄以及施暴者的身份，人们对这些经历的理解往往有所不同。年龄的重要性在虐待儿童、家庭及家庭暴力（DFV）和虐待老人这三类情况中显而易见。每一类都有其自身的定义，这些定义决定了谁被视为受害者或施暴者，以及哪些行为被算作暴力和虐待行为。这些定义影响着从业者如何看待受害者幸存者的暴力经历以及后续可用的应对措施。本文报告了一项对2011年至2021年间发表的国际文献进行的范围审查的结果，该审查探讨了家庭暴力是如何分类和定义的。该审查是一项更大规模研究的一部分，该研究探讨了在亲密和家庭环境中针对妇女的暴力是如何被概念化和体验的，以及可用的应对措施。最终审查纳入了48篇文章，并确定了家庭和亲密环境中的五类暴力行为。这些是虐待儿童、家庭及家庭暴力、虐待老人、青少年对父母的暴力以及兄弟姐妹间的暴力。对不同类别定义的比较发现，在受害者与施暴者的关系、行为、意图以及对受害者造成的伤害方面存在相似之处。审查结果表明，各种形式的家庭暴力的定义差异不大。需要进一步研究以确定是否能够以及应该简化针对人生各阶段家庭暴力的应对措施。
