Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics, Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania.
Sci Rep. 2023 May 8;13(1):7464. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-34679-7.
Disarmament treaties have been the driving force towards reducing the large nuclear stockpile assembled during the Cold War. Further efforts are built around verification protocols capable of authenticating nuclear warheads while preventing the disclosure of confidential information. This type of problem falls under the scope of zero-knowledge protocols, which aim at multiple parties agreeing on a statement without conveying any information beyond the statement itself. A protocol capable of achieving all the authentication and security requirements is still not completely formulated. Here we propose a protocol that leverages the isotopic capabilities of NRF measurements and the classification abilities of neural networks. Two key elements guarantee the security of the protocol, the implementation of the template-based approach in the network's architecture and the use of homomorphic inference. Our results demonstrate the potential of developing zero-knowledge protocols for the verification of nuclear warheads using Siamese networks on encrypted spectral data.
裁军条约是减少冷战期间积累的大量核武库的主要推动力。进一步的努力围绕着验证协议展开，这些协议能够验证核弹头的真实性，同时防止机密信息的泄露。这类问题属于零知识协议的范畴，其目标是让多个方就一个声明达成一致，而不传递任何超出声明本身的信息。一个能够满足所有认证和安全要求的协议仍未完全制定出来。在这里，我们提出了一个协议，利用了 NRF 测量的同位素能力和神经网络的分类能力。两个关键要素保证了协议的安全性，即在网络架构中实现基于模板的方法，以及使用同态推理。我们的结果表明，使用加密光谱数据上的孪生网络为核弹头验证开发零知识协议具有潜力。
