Combined impacts of low oscillating magnetic field and Shliomis theory on mono and hybrid nanofluid flows with nonlinear thermal radiation.

Hybrid nanofluids have become a popular choice for various engineering and industrial applications due to their advanced properties. This study focuses on investigating the consequences of a low oscillating magnetic field on the flow of unsteady mono and hybrid nanofluids over a vertically moving permeable disk. Initially, iron oxide nanoparticles are mixed with water to create a mono nanofluid, which is later transformed into a hybrid nanofluid by adding cobalt nanoparticles. The shape of nanoparticles used is brick-shaped, and an external magnetic field is applied to regulate the flow and heat transfer mechanism using ferromagnetic nanoparticles. Additionally, the nonlinear thermal radiative heat flux is considered for the heat transfer phenomenon. The momentum and rotational motion of the magnetic fluid caused by the rotating disk are formulated using the Shliomis fundamental concept. The numerical analysis of the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is carried out using the bvp4c technique, and the results are presented in tabular form for the surface drag coefficient and heat transmission at the walls. Moreover, the temperature and velocity distributions are illustrated using graphical representations against relevant parameters. The findings highlight that for a constant negative value for the magnetization parameterϒ<0,the heat transfer rate for hybrid nanofluid is witnessed stronger at a volume fractionϕhnf=0.120,whereas a minimal heat transfer rate is observed for positive values of magnetization parameterϒ>0at the same value of volume fraction.