Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, Pl. M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Chromatography, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, Pl. M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Aug 15;886:163966. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163966. Epub 2023 May 7.
Toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and more toxic N- and O-containing derivatives can be determined in biochar. However, their fate in the environment and bioavailability depends on many parameters and was not studied yet. In the presented studies a set of biochars obtained from various feedstock at the same pyrolysis temperature (600 °C) subjected to environmental pressure e.g. soil microorganisms and enzymes was described. Presented study aimed to determine the effect of biological agents on the physicochemical characteristic and the content of PAHs and their derivatives in biochars after long-term treatment (6 months). The results indicated that enzymatic aging usually lowered (up to 94 %) the content of PAHs and their derivatives in biochar. Simultaneously, biological aging reduced the bioavailability of tested compounds. Considering the total fraction of PAHs and their derivatives, biochars treated with nutrients and microbial inoculum were characterized by the lowest content of analytes (even in comparison to biochars treated with nutrients alone). To complement the obtained results, the content of C, H, N, O, and ash as well as specific surface area, aromaticity, polarity, and hydrophilicity in biochar before and after modifications were determined. In general, enzymatic aging increased, and biological aging decreased the content of C% and H% in biochar. Both aging processes lowered the H/C ratio which indicated the decrease of the aromatization degree for artificially altered biochar.
有毒的多环芳烃（PAHs）和更有毒的含 N 和 O 的衍生物可在生物炭中被测定。然而，它们在环境中的命运和生物利用度取决于许多参数，这些参数尚未得到研究。在本研究中，描述了一组在相同热解温度（600°C）下由不同原料获得的生物炭，这些生物炭受到环境压力的影响，例如土壤微生物和酶。本研究旨在确定生物剂对生物炭理化特性和多环芳烃及其衍生物含量的影响，这些生物炭经过长期处理（6 个月）。结果表明，酶老化通常会降低（高达 94%）生物炭中多环芳烃及其衍生物的含量。同时，生物老化降低了测试化合物的生物利用度。考虑到总多环芳烃及其衍生物的含量，用营养物质和微生物接种物处理的生物炭表现出最低的分析物含量（甚至与仅用营养物质处理的生物炭相比也是如此）。为了补充获得的结果，测定了改性前后生物炭中的 C、H、N、O 和灰分以及比表面积、芳香度、极性和亲水性。一般来说，酶老化会增加生物炭中的 C%和 H%含量，而生物老化则会降低其含量。这两种老化过程都降低了 H/C 比，这表明人工改变的生物炭的芳香化程度降低。
