Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, Fuzhou, China.
Nature. 2023 Jun;618(7964):281-286. doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-05978-w. Epub 2023 May 10.
Light-field detection measures both the intensity of light rays and their precise direction in free space. However, current light-field detection techniques either require complex microlens arrays or are limited to the ultraviolet-visible light wavelength ranges. Here we present a robust, scalable method based on lithographically patterned perovskite nanocrystal arrays that can be used to determine radiation vectors from X-rays to visible light (0.002-550 nm). With these multicolour nanocrystal arrays, light rays from specific directions can be converted into pixelated colour outputs with an angular resolution of 0.0018°. We find that three-dimensional light-field detection and spatial positioning of light sources are possible by modifying nanocrystal arrays with specific orientations. We also demonstrate three-dimensional object imaging and visible light and X-ray phase-contrast imaging by combining pixelated nanocrystal arrays with a colour charge-coupled device. The ability to detect light direction beyond optical wavelengths through colour-contrast encoding could enable new applications, for example, in three-dimensional phase-contrast imaging, robotics, virtual reality, tomographic biological imaging and satellite autonomous navigation.
光场探测同时测量自由空间中光线的强度及其精确方向。然而，目前的光场探测技术要么需要复杂的微透镜阵列，要么局限于紫外线可见光波长范围。在这里，我们提出了一种基于光刻图案化钙钛矿纳米晶阵列的稳健、可扩展的方法，该方法可用于确定从 X 射线到可见光（0.002-550nm）的辐射矢量。通过这些多色纳米晶阵列，可以将特定方向的光线转换为具有 0.0018°角分辨率的像素化彩色输出。我们发现，通过改变具有特定取向的纳米晶阵列，可以实现三维光场探测和光源的空间定位。我们还通过将像素化纳米晶阵列与彩色电荷耦合器件相结合，演示了三维物体成像以及可见光和 X 射线相衬成像。通过颜色对比编码探测超出光学波长的光方向的能力可以实现新的应用，例如，在三维相衬成像、机器人技术、虚拟现实、层析生物成像和卫星自主导航中。
