Department of Chemical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, 302017, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Jun;30(27):71226-71251. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-27366-7. Epub 2023 May 10.
The graphene oxide (GO) deposited TiO nanotube (GO/TiO) electrode on a titania plate was prepared using a simple anodization method. The morphological and structural properties of TiO and GO/TiO electrodes have been studied using field emission scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). FESEM-EDS analysis confirmed that the 13.56% wt of GO nanoparticles was formed over the TiO substrate, with the thickness of the wall to be ∼300 nm. The crystallite size of GO/TiO, i.e., 19.53 nm, was confirmed by XRD analysis. Analysis of the UV-DRS spectrum showed the bandgap of the synthesized GO/TIO nanotube electrode to be 3.052 eV. Box-Behnken design (BBD) under response surface methodology (RSM) was used to design the experiments. The effect of operating input parameters like pH, current (i), and degradation time (t) on % COD degradation (X) and energy consumed (X) were also examined. At optimum process parameters, the value of X and X were 57.61% and 15.00 kWh/m, respectively. Possible intermediates were identified based on the GC-MS data analysis. Scavenger tests showed that •OH radical plays a major role in electroplating effluents degradation. Based on the results, the EO process using GO/TiO electrodes could be considered a promising technique for electroplating effluent degradation due to high degradation efficiency.
采用简单的阳极氧化法制备了在钛板上沉积氧化石墨烯（GO）的 TiO 纳米管（GO/TiO）电极。使用场发射扫描电子显微镜能量色散光谱（FESEM-EDS）、X 射线衍射（XRD）、紫外-可见漫反射光谱（UV-vis DRS）、拉曼光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）和 X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）研究了 TiO 和 GO/TiO 电极的形态和结构特性。FESEM-EDS 分析证实，在 TiO 基底上形成了 13.56%wt 的 GO 纳米颗粒，其壁的厚度约为 300nm。GO/TiO 的晶粒尺寸，即 19.53nm，通过 XRD 分析得到证实。分析 UV-DRS 光谱表明，所合成的 GO/TIO 纳米管电极的能带隙为 3.052eV。响应面法（RSM）下的 Box-Behnken 设计（BBD）用于设计实验。还研究了操作输入参数（如 pH、电流（i）和降解时间（t））对 COD 降解（X）和能耗（X）的影响。在最佳工艺参数下，X 和 X 的值分别为 57.61%和 15.00kWh/m。根据 GC-MS 数据分析确定了可能的中间体。清除剂测试表明，•OH 自由基在电镀废水降解中起主要作用。基于结果，考虑到高降解效率，使用 GO/TiO 电极的 EO 工艺可被认为是一种有前途的电镀废水降解技术。
