Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.
School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
Aust Occup Ther J. 2023 Oct;70(5):548-558. doi: 10.1111/1440-1630.12879. Epub 2023 May 10.
Occupation-centred practice is core to contemporary occupational therapy; however, knowledge and implementation of occupation in practice vary. New graduate occupational therapists find implementing occupation-centred practice challenging, partly due to the influence of senior occupational therapists. However, little is known about senior therapists' views, knowledge, and use of occupation-centred practice and the impact this has on new graduates. The aims of this study were to explore senior occupational therapists' perspectives on and use of occupation-centred practice and the extent to which they influence the occupation-centred practice of the new graduates they supervise.
Interpretative phenomenology was used as the research design. Ten senior occupational therapists in Australia were purposively recruited to participate in semi-structured interviews, which we transcribed. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyse the data and develop themes.
Five themes were discovered from the data: together, but apart; a link between knowledge and identity; navigating different cultures; making up for what is missing; and good supervisors. The themes revealed participants' varied knowledge and use of occupation-centred practice, the influence of practice context, and the way supervision impacted on the practice of new graduates.
Senior occupational therapists valued occupation-centred practice, but their understanding and implementation of it varied. Participants acknowledged that they held great power to influence new graduates' use of occupation-centred practice through supervision. Consequently, if occupation is not central to supervision, this could perpetuate the ongoing challenges of delivering contemporary practice.
以职业为中心的实践是当代职业治疗的核心；然而，实践中对职业的了解和实施却存在差异。新毕业的职业治疗师发现实施以职业为中心的实践具有挑战性，部分原因是资深职业治疗师的影响。然而，对于资深治疗师对以职业为中心的实践的看法、知识和使用，以及这对他们所监督的新毕业生的影响，知之甚少。本研究的目的是探讨资深职业治疗师对以职业为中心的实践的看法和使用，以及他们在多大程度上影响他们所监督的新毕业生的以职业为中心的实践。
解释现象学被用作研究设计。在澳大利亚，有 10 名资深职业治疗师被有意招募来参加半结构化访谈，并对访谈内容进行了转录。采用解释现象学分析（IPA）对数据进行分析并开发主题。
从数据中发现了五个主题：在一起，但分开；知识和身份之间的联系；在不同文化中航行；弥补缺失的部分；和优秀的主管。这些主题揭示了参与者对以职业为中心的实践的不同理解和应用，实践背景的影响，以及监督对新毕业生实践的影响方式。
资深职业治疗师重视以职业为中心的实践，但他们对其的理解和实施存在差异。参与者承认，他们通过监督对新毕业生使用以职业为中心的实践具有很大的影响力。因此，如果监督不围绕职业展开，这可能会使提供当代实践的持续挑战永久化。
