Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka.
School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2023 May 11;18(5):e0285663. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285663. eCollection 2023.
Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease with three main clinical types; cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL), and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). CL and MCL are considered to be highly stigmatizing due to potentially disfiguring skin pathology. CL and MCL-associated stigma are reported across the world in different contexts assimilating different definitions and interpretations. Stigma affects people with CL, particularly in terms of quality of life, accessibility to treatment, and psycho-social well-being. However, evidence on CL- and MCL-associated stigma is dispersed and yet to be synthesized. This systematic review describes the types, measurements, and implications of the stigma associated with CL and MCL and identifies any preventive strategies/interventions adopted to address the condition. This study was developed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement which is registered in the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols PROSPERO (ID- CRD42021274925). We will perform an electronic search in MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, Global Index Medicus, Trip, and Cochrane Library databases, and in Google Scholar, using a customized search string. Any article that discusses any type of CL- and/or MCL-associated stigma in English, Spanish and Portuguese will be included. Articles targeting veterinary studies, sandfly vector studies, laboratory-based research and trials, articles focusing only on visceral leishmaniasis, and articles on diagnostic or treatment methods for CL and MCL will be excluded. Screening for titles and abstracts and full articles and data extraction will be conducted by two investigators. The risk of bias will be assessed through specific tools for different study types. A narrative synthesis of evidence will then follow. This review will identify the knowledge gap in CL-associated stigma and will help plan future interventions.
利什曼病是一种被忽视的热带病,有三种主要的临床类型:皮肤利什曼病(CL)、黏膜皮肤利什曼病(MCL)和内脏利什曼病(VL)。CL 和 MCL 由于潜在的毁容性皮肤病理学而被认为是高度污名化的。在不同的背景下,世界各地都有关于 CL 和 MCL 相关耻辱感的报道,这些报道采用了不同的定义和解释。耻辱感影响到患有 CL 的人,特别是在生活质量、获得治疗的机会和心理社会福祉方面。然而,关于 CL 和 MCL 相关耻辱感的证据分散且尚未综合。本系统评价描述了与 CL 和 MCL 相关的耻辱感的类型、测量方法和影响,并确定了为解决该问题而采用的任何预防策略/干预措施。本研究根据系统评价和荟萃分析方案的首选报告项目(PRISMA-P)声明制定,该声明在国际注册系统评价和荟萃分析方案平台(PROSPERO)上注册(ID-CRD42021274925)。我们将在 MEDLINE、Embase、Scopus、PubMed、EBSCO、Web of Science、全球医学索引、Trip 和 Cochrane 图书馆数据库中,以及在 Google Scholar 上,使用定制的搜索字符串进行电子搜索。任何用英语、西班牙语和葡萄牙语讨论任何类型的 CL 和/或 MCL 相关耻辱感的文章都将被包括在内。针对兽医研究、沙蝇媒介研究、实验室研究和试验、仅关注内脏利什曼病的文章以及关于 CL 和 MCL 诊断或治疗方法的文章将被排除在外。两名调查员将对标题和摘要以及全文进行筛选,并进行数据提取。然后将使用特定的工具对不同类型的研究进行偏倚风险评估。随后将对证据进行叙述性综合。本综述将确定 CL 相关耻辱感的知识空白,并有助于规划未来的干预措施。
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