Littleton Heather, Dolezal Michael L, Allen Ashley Batts, Benight Charles C
Lyda Hill Institute for Human Resilience, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA.
Psychology, University of North Carolina Pembroke, Pembroke, NC, USA.
Anxiety Stress Coping. 2024 Jan;37(1):45-59. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2023.2208524. Epub 2023 May 11.
The trajectories of recovery and non-recovery following a disaster are well-documented, but the mechanisms of post-disaster adaptation remain poorly understood. Rooted in social cognitive theory and the transactional model of stress and coping, this study longitudinally investigated the reciprocal relations among coping self-efficacy (CSE), coping behaviors (approach and avoidant), and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) among highly exposed hurricane survivors.
261 Hurricane Florence survivors completed measures of hurricane-related CSE, coping behaviors, and hurricane-related PTSS across three timepoints, beginning 5-8.5 months after Hurricane Florence.
Random-intercept cross-lagged panel models investigated the relations among study variables.
Reciprocal, cross-lagged relations were identified between higher CSE and approach coping from T2 to T3. The lagged relations between approach coping at T1 and T2 were significant, as well as between avoidant coping at T2 and T3. Significant cross-sectional relations were also present for CSE, coping behaviors, and PTSS at T3.
Results provide partial support for the positive feedback loop involving CSE and approach coping, but not for the negative feedback loop involving avoidant coping. CSE may be an important mechanism in longer-term disaster recovery, in part by increasing use of approach coping.
灾难后恢复和未恢复的轨迹已有充分记录，但灾后适应的机制仍知之甚少。本研究基于社会认知理论以及压力与应对的交互模型，纵向调查了高度暴露的飓风幸存者应对自我效能（CSE）、应对行为（积极应对和回避应对）与创伤后应激症状（PTSS）之间的相互关系。
261名飓风“佛罗伦萨”的幸存者在飓风“佛罗伦萨”过后5至8.5个月开始的三个时间点，完成了与飓风相关的CSE、应对行为以及与飓风相关的PTSS的测量。
随机截距交叉滞后面板模型研究了研究变量之间的关系。
从T2到T3，较高的CSE与积极应对之间存在相互的交叉滞后关系。T1与T2之间积极应对的滞后关系显著，T2与T3之间回避应对的滞后关系也显著。在T3时，CSE、应对行为和PTSS之间也存在显著的横断面关系。
结果为涉及CSE和积极应对的正反馈回路提供了部分支持，但未为涉及回避应对的负反馈回路提供支持。CSE可能是长期灾难恢复中的一个重要机制，部分原因是它增加了积极应对的使用。
