Rojo-Ospina Raúl A, Quimbayo-Forero Marcela, Calle-Tobón Arley, Bedoya-Patiño Sindy C, Gómez Maribel, Ramírez Astrid, Sánchez Johnny, Silva-Alzate Juan F, Montes-Zuluaga Carlos J, Cadavid Jorge M, Henao-Correa Enrique A
Programa de Control de Vectores, Secretaría de Salud, Alcaldía de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia.
Programa de Control de Vectores, Secretaría de Salud, Alcaldía de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia; Grupo Entomología Médica, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
Biomedica. 2023 Mar 30;43(1):131-144. doi: 10.7705/biomedica.6679.
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic pressured health care systems to remain alert and active in their vector-borne disease control and prevention programs, leading to changes in vector control strategies in urban areas affected by dengue, Zika and chikungunya. Objective: To describe the adaptations made to the vector control and surveillance program in Medellín during the COVID-19 health emergency. Materials and methods: Once the health emergency started, biosecurity protocols were developed. Entomological surveillance was strengthened from the institutional environment instead of homes. Data was collected in Medellín from 2018 to 2021 during the vector control and surveillance program activities, which included epidemiological and entomovirological surveillance, entomological index survey, ovitrap monitoring, community mobilization, search and elimination of mosquito breading sites, and chemical control. These actions were adapted and/or increased to promote self-care among communities in total and partial confinement, and to develop prevention and control measures. Results: Mosquito monitoring was increased by 40% using ovitraps, entomological virological surveillance showed an increase in 2020 of 34,4% compared to 2019 and virtual media was used to keep and improve contact with the community. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on arbovirus prevention and control programs. The city of Medellín quickly adapted its entomo-virological surveillance activities, control measures, and the contact with the community during the pandemic, which allow the Integrated Vector Management program to remain active in the city.
新冠疫情迫使医疗系统在其病媒传播疾病控制与预防项目中保持警惕并积极行动，导致受登革热、寨卡病毒病和基孔肯雅热影响的城市地区病媒控制策略发生变化。目的：描述在新冠疫情紧急状态期间麦德林市病媒控制与监测项目所做的调整。材料与方法：卫生紧急状态一旦开始，就制定了生物安全协议。从机构环境而非家庭加强了昆虫学监测。在2018年至2021年期间，在麦德林市病媒控制与监测项目活动中收集数据，这些活动包括流行病学和昆虫病毒学监测、昆虫学指标调查、诱蚊产卵器监测、社区动员、搜索和清除蚊虫滋生地以及化学防治。这些行动进行了调整和/或增加，以促进处于全面和部分封锁状态的社区进行自我护理，并制定预防和控制措施。结果：使用诱蚊产卵器进行的蚊虫监测增加了40%，昆虫病毒学监测显示，与2019年相比，2020年增加了34.4%，并利用虚拟媒体保持和改善与社区的联系。结论：新冠疫情对虫媒病毒防控项目产生了重大影响。麦德林市在疫情期间迅速调整了其昆虫病毒学监测活动、控制措施以及与社区的联系，这使得综合病媒管理项目在该市得以继续开展。
