Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Carrera 51D # 62-29 Laboratorio 321, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
Centro Administrativo La Alpujarra, Secretaría de Salud de Medellín, Medellín 050015, Colombia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 6;18(11):6137. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18116137.
Surveillance and control activities for virus-transmitting mosquitoes have primarily focused on dwellings. There is little information about viral circulation in heavily trafficked places such as schools. We collected and analyzed data to assess the presence and prevalence of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses in mosquitoes, and measured indices in schools in Medellín (Colombia) between 2016-2018. In 43.27% of 2632 visits we collected adults, creating 883 pools analyzed by RT-PCR. 14.27% of pools yielded positive for dengue or Zika (infection rates of 1.75-296.29 for ). was more abundant and had a higher infection rate for all studied diseases. indices varied over time. There was no association between abundance and mosquito infection rates, but the latter did correlate with cases of arboviral disease and climate. Results suggest schools are important sources of arbovirus and health agencies should include these sites in surveillance programs; it is essential to know the source for arboviral diseases transmission and the identification of the most population groups exposed to these diseases to research and developing new strategies.
病媒蚊监测与控制活动主要集中在住家。然而，对于学校等交通繁忙地区的病毒传播情况，我们知之甚少。我们收集并分析了数据，以评估 2016 年至 2018 年间在哥伦比亚麦德林的学校中登革热、基孔肯雅热和寨卡病毒在蚊子中的存在和流行情况，并测量了这些病毒的指标。在 2632 次访问中的 43.27%，我们收集了成蚊，通过 RT-PCR 分析了 883 个蚊群。14.27%的蚊群检测出登革热或寨卡病毒阳性（感染率为 1.75-296.29）。更为丰富，且所有研究疾病的感染率都较高。指数随时间而变化。丰度与蚊子感染率之间没有关联，但后者与虫媒病毒病病例和气候有关。研究结果表明，学校是虫媒病毒的重要来源，卫生机构应将这些场所纳入监测计划；了解虫媒病毒病传播的源头以及最易感染这些疾病的人群，对于研究和制定新的防控策略至关重要。
