Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2023 Jul;83(4):241-250. doi: 10.1080/00365513.2023.2209915. Epub 2023 May 11.
Snus is a common tobacco product in Sweden, but the cardiovascular risk profile for snus users is less known than for cigarette smokers. We examined the association of snus use with lipid status, particularly in comparison to non-tobacco use and cigarette smoking, using data from 5930 men in the Northern Sweden MONICA study. Tobacco use was self-reported in 1986 to 2014 (24.4% used snus) and blood samples were collected at the same time. Harmonized analyses on non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides were conducted in 2016 to 2018. Three hundred eighty-one snus users had also been examined more than once, allowing us to study the effect of discontinued use (achieved by 21.0%). In multivariable linear regression models, snus use was associated with higher HDL cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations compared to non-tobacco use ( values ≤ 0.04), and it was associated with higher HDL cholesterol concentrations and lower triglyceride concentrations compared to cigarette smoking ( values ≤ 0.02). Snus use was not associated with non-HDL cholesterol concentrations, irrespective of the comparison group ( values ≥ 0.07). There was no indication that higher intensity of snus use led to a worse lipid profile, given that high-consumers had higher HDL cholesterol concentrations than low-consumers ( value = 0.02), or that discontinuation of snus use led to a better lipid profile, given that continued users had lower triglyceride concentrations than discontinued users ( value = 0.03). Further studies are needed to confirm or refute our findings.
鼻烟是瑞典常见的一种烟草制品，但与香烟吸烟者相比，鼻烟使用者的心血管风险状况知之甚少。我们利用 1986 年至 2014 年参加北瑞典 MONICA 研究的 5930 名男性的数据，研究了鼻烟使用与血脂状况的关系，特别是与非烟草使用和吸烟的比较。吸烟情况在 1986 年至 2014 年期间进行了自我报告，同时采集了血液样本。2016 年至 2018 年进行了非高密度脂蛋白（非 HDL）胆固醇、HDL 胆固醇和甘油三酯的协调分析。381 名鼻烟使用者也接受了不止一次的检查，这使我们能够研究停止使用的效果（通过 21.0%的使用者实现）。在多变量线性回归模型中，与非烟草使用者相比，鼻烟使用者的 HDL 胆固醇和甘油三酯浓度更高（ 值≤0.04），与吸烟者相比，HDL 胆固醇浓度更高，甘油三酯浓度更低（ 值≤0.02）。无论比较组如何，鼻烟使用者与非 HDL 胆固醇浓度无关（ 值≥0.07）。鉴于高使用者的 HDL 胆固醇浓度高于低使用者（ 值=0.02），或者由于持续使用者的甘油三酯浓度低于停止使用者（ 值=0.03），因此没有迹象表明鼻烟使用强度更高会导致血脂状况恶化，停止使用鼻烟会导致血脂状况更好。需要进一步的研究来证实或反驳我们的发现。
