Surace Teresa, Quitadamo Cecilia, Caldiroli Alice, Capuzzi Enrico, Colmegna Fabrizia, Nosari Guido, Borroni Elisa, Fedrizzi Luca, Bollati Valentina, Pesatori Angela Cecilia, Carugno Michele, Clerici Massimo, Buoli Massimiliano
Department of Mental Health and Addiction, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via G.B. Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, Italy.
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Via Cadore 38, 20900 Monza, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2023 Apr 27;12(9):3146. doi: 10.3390/jcm12093146.
The aim of the present study was to summarise the available data about the link between air pollution exposure and the new-onset and severity of psychiatric disorders in pregnant women during the perinatal period.
We selected articles published until June 2022 on PubMed and the Web of Science. Pollutants included were PM (particulate matter 2.5 micrometres and smaller), PM (particulate matter 10 micrometres and smaller), NO (nitrogen dioxide), O (ozone), SO (sulphur dioxide), CO (carbon monoxide), PBDEs (polybrominated diphenyl ethers), PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances), lead, and cadmium. The perinatal period was considered as the time of pregnancy until one year after childbirth.
Nine studies were included; most of them evaluated the association between exposure to air pollutants and the onset of Postpartum Depression (PPD). Two studies showed an association between, respectively, only PM and both PM and NO exposure and PPD onset 12 months after childbirth, while another study found a significant association between NO exposure and PPD occurrence 6 months after childbirth. PBDE blood levels were associated with more severe depressive symptoms. Lastly, one study observed a link between stressful symptoms and exposure to PM PM during pregnancy.
More comprehensive and uniform studies are required to make a roadmap for future interventions, given the growing relevance of issues such pollution and mental health, particularly during the perinatal period.
本研究的目的是总结围产期孕妇空气污染暴露与精神疾病新发及严重程度之间联系的现有数据。
我们在PubMed和科学网（Web of Science）上筛选了截至2022年6月发表的文章。纳入的污染物包括PM2.5（直径2.5微米及更小的颗粒物）、PM10（直径10微米及更小的颗粒物）、二氧化氮（NO）、臭氧（O）、二氧化硫（SO）、一氧化碳（CO）、多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）、全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）、铅和镉。围产期被定义为从怀孕到产后一年的时间段。
共纳入9项研究；其中大多数评估了空气污染物暴露与产后抑郁症（PPD）发病之间的关联。两项研究分别显示，仅PM暴露以及PM和NO暴露与产后12个月PPD发病之间存在关联，而另一项研究发现，NO暴露与产后6个月PPD发生之间存在显著关联。PBDE血液水平与更严重的抑郁症状相关。最后，一项研究观察到孕期应激症状与PM2.5暴露之间存在联系。
鉴于污染与心理健康等问题的相关性日益增加，尤其是在围产期，需要更全面和统一的研究来为未来的干预制定路线图。
