Basha Diellor, Kalia Suneil K, Hodaie Mojgan, Lopez Rios Adriana L, Lozano Andres M, Hutchison William D
Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Division of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2023 Apr 26;17:1082196. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1082196. eCollection 2023.
Beta oscillations in sensorimotor structures contribute to the planning, sequencing, and stopping of movements, functions that are typically associated with the role of the basal ganglia. The presence of beta oscillations (13-30 Hz) in the cerebellar zone of the thalamus (the ventral intermediate nucleus - Vim) indicates that this rhythm may also be involved in cerebellar functions such as motor learning and visuomotor adaptation.
To investigate the possible role of Vim beta oscillations in visuomotor coordination, we recorded local field potential (LFP) and multiunit activity from the Vim of essential tremor (ET) patients during neurosurgery for the implantation of deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes. Using a computer, patients performed a visuomotor adaptation task that required coordinating center-out movements with incongruent visual feedback imposed by inversion of the computer display.
The results show that, in ET, Vim beta oscillations of the LFP were lower during the incongruent center-out task than during the congruent orientation. Vim firing rates increased significantly during periods of low beta power, particularly on approach to the peripheral target. In contrast, beta power in the subthalamic nucleus of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients did not differ significantly between the incongruent and the congruent orientation of the center-out task.
The findings support the hypothesis that beta oscillations of the Vim are modulated by novel visuomotor tasks. The inverse relationship between the power of Vim-LFP beta oscillations and Vim firing rates suggest that the suppression of beta oscillations may facilitate information throughput to the thalamocortical circuit by modulation of Vim firing rates.
感觉运动结构中的β振荡有助于运动的计划、排序和停止，这些功能通常与基底神经节的作用相关。丘脑小脑区（腹中间核 - Vim）中存在β振荡（13 - 30赫兹）表明这种节律可能也参与了诸如运动学习和视觉运动适应等小脑功能。
为了研究Vimβ振荡在视觉运动协调中的可能作用，我们在为特发性震颤（ET）患者植入脑深部刺激（DBS）电极的神经外科手术过程中，记录了Vim的局部场电位（LFP）和多单元活动。患者使用计算机执行一项视觉运动适应任务，该任务需要将向心运动与计算机显示器反转所施加的不一致视觉反馈进行协调。
结果表明，在ET患者中，LFP的Vimβ振荡在不一致的向心任务期间低于一致方向期间。在低β功率期间特别是在接近外周目标时，Vim放电率显著增加。相比之下，帕金森病（PD）患者丘脑底核中的β功率在向心任务的不一致和一致方向之间没有显著差异。
这些发现支持了Vim的β振荡受新的视觉运动任务调制的假设。Vim - LFPβ振荡功率与Vim放电率之间的反比关系表明，β振荡的抑制可能通过调节Vim放电率促进信息通过丘脑皮质回路。
