Department of Applied Psychology, School of Education, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou, China.
Institute of Applied Psychology, School of Public Administration, Guangdong University of Finance, Guangzhou, China.
Brain Behav. 2023 Jul;13(7):e3065. doi: 10.1002/brb3.3065. Epub 2023 May 14.
Labeling the emotional aspect of self-unrelated stimuli (i.e., affect labeling) is a crucial strategy for implicit emotion regulation. However, it is uncertain whether affect labeling influences event-related potential (ERP) responses (e.g., the late positive potential, LPP) to negative stimuli in comparison with control conditions in which attention is shifted to the emotional content of the stimuli (e.g., affect matching). Additionally, it is unknown whether affect labeling has a lasting effect on the processing of negative stimuli.
Participants were required to label the emotion (negative or neutral) of target pictures with two words, to match the emotion with alternative pictures or to merely view the target pictures. Target pictures were presented again immediately after the regulation task. After all the target pictures had been labeled, matched and viewed, the pictures were re-exposed for the third time.
The results showed that negative pictures elicited larger late LPP responses during the affect labeling task than during other tasks. However, the LPP responses were smaller for negative pictures in the affect labeling condition than in the other conditions when target pictures were re-exposed immediately after the task. When target pictures were re-presented again long after the regulation tasks, the LPP responses were smaller for negative stimuli with a history of affect labeling than viewing, whereas this effect did not differ between the affect labeling and matching conditions.
The current findings suggest that affect labeling has current effects and, to some extent, has lasting effects on negative stimulus processing.
对与自我无关的刺激进行情感标记（即情感标签）是内隐情绪调节的关键策略。然而，与将注意力转移到刺激的情绪内容（例如，情绪匹配）的控制条件相比，情感标签是否会影响到负性刺激的事件相关电位（ERP）反应（例如，晚正电位，LPP）尚不确定。此外，也不清楚情感标签是否会对负性刺激的处理产生持久影响。
要求参与者使用两个词来标记目标图片的情绪（负性或中性），用替代图片来匹配情绪，或只是观察目标图片。在调节任务后立即再次呈现目标图片。在标记、匹配和观察完所有目标图片后，对图片进行第三次重新呈现。
结果表明，在情感标签任务中，负性图片引发的晚期 LPP 反应大于其他任务。然而，在任务结束后立即重新呈现目标图片时，情感标签条件下的负性图片的 LPP 反应小于其他条件。当目标图片在调节任务后很久再次呈现时，具有情感标签历史的负性刺激的 LPP 反应小于观看，而这种效应在情感标签和匹配条件之间没有差异。
当前的研究结果表明，情感标签具有当前效应，并在一定程度上对负性刺激处理具有持久影响。
