Lukáčová I, Ambro Ľ, Dubayová K, Mareková M
Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol. 2023 Winter;72(1):40-53.
Research of the gut microbiota allows a better understanding of its composition and function and reveals the links between changes in the composition of bacteria and various intestinal but also systemic diseases. The gut microbiota performs several of important functions in the host body and influences many physiological processes. Gut bacteria synthesize many compounds needed for the proper function of the body (e.g., vitamins, short-chain fatty acids, and amino acids). They help maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier and protect against pathogens. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the development and function of the immune system. Significant changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota led to a dysbiotic state and the loss of its beneficial functions for humans. The review article summarizes the basic knowledge about the composition and function of the bacterial gut microbiota in healthy people, its role in the development of the immune system, and the mechanisms involved in maintaining homeostasis. It also presents current knowledge about the possibility of targeted modulation of the bacterial gut microbiota and faecal transplantation.
对肠道微生物群的研究有助于更好地了解其组成和功能，并揭示细菌组成变化与各种肠道疾病以及全身性疾病之间的联系。肠道微生物群在宿主身体中执行多种重要功能，并影响许多生理过程。肠道细菌合成身体正常运作所需的许多化合物（例如维生素、短链脂肪酸和氨基酸）。它们有助于维持肠道屏障的完整性并抵御病原体。肠道微生物群在免疫系统的发育和功能中起着至关重要的作用。肠道微生物群组成的显著变化会导致生态失调状态并丧失其对人类的有益功能。这篇综述文章总结了关于健康人群肠道细菌微生物群的组成和功能、其在免疫系统发育中的作用以及维持体内平衡所涉及机制的基本知识。它还介绍了有关靶向调节肠道细菌微生物群和粪便移植可能性的当前知识。
