Pediatrics and Adolescentology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy.
Nutrients. 2024 Apr 25;16(9):1286. doi: 10.3390/nu16091286.
(1) Background: Numerous elements of the Mediterranean diet (MD) have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities. (2) Methods: We present a narrative review of the potential benefits of the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MD) in mitigating aging-related inflammation (inflamm-aging) associated with childhood obesity. The mechanisms underlying chronic inflammation in obesity are also discussed. A total of 130 papers were included after screening abstracts and full texts. (3) Results: A complex interplay between obesity, chronic inflammation, and related comorbidities is documented. The MD emerges as a promising dietary pattern for mitigating inflammation. Studies suggest that the MD may contribute to weight control, improved lipid profiles, insulin sensitivity, and endothelial function, thereby reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents with obesity. (4) Conclusions: While evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory effects of the MD in pediatric obesity is still evolving, the existing literature underscores its potential as a preventive and therapeutic strategy. However, MD adherence remains low among children and adolescents, necessitating targeted interventions to promote healthier dietary habits. Future high-quality intervention studies are necessary to elucidate the specific impact of the MD on inflammation in diverse pediatric populations with obesity and associated comorbidities.
(1) 背景：地中海饮食（MD）的许多元素都具有抗氧化和抗炎特性。
(2) 方法：我们对地中海饮食模式（MD）在减轻与儿童肥胖相关的衰老相关炎症（炎症衰老）方面的潜在益处进行了叙述性综述。还讨论了肥胖症中慢性炎症的潜在机制。经过筛选摘要和全文，共纳入了 130 篇论文。
(3) 结果：记录了肥胖症、慢性炎症和相关合并症之间的复杂相互作用。MD 是一种有前途的减轻炎症的饮食模式。研究表明，MD 可能有助于控制体重、改善血脂谱、胰岛素敏感性和内皮功能，从而降低肥胖儿童和青少年代谢综合征的风险。
(4) 结论：虽然支持 MD 在儿科肥胖症中抗炎作用的证据仍在不断发展，但现有文献强调了其作为预防和治疗策略的潜力。然而，儿童和青少年对 MD 的依从性仍然较低，需要采取有针对性的干预措施来促进更健康的饮食习惯。未来需要进行高质量的干预研究，以阐明 MD 对肥胖和相关合并症的不同儿科人群炎症的具体影响。
