Wang Yu-Jiao, Chen I-Hua
School of Education Science, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui 553004, China.
Chinese Academy of Education Big Data, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273100, China.
Children (Basel). 2023 Mar 30;10(4):653. doi: 10.3390/children10040653.
School bullying causes serious impacts on adolescents' physical and mental health. Few studies have explored the various factors influencing bullying by combining different levels of data.
Based on the database of four Chinese provinces and cities of the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) in 2018, this study used a multilevel analysis model that combined school-level variables and student-level variables to explore the influencing factors of students being bullied.
Students' gender, grade repetition, truancy and arriving late for class, economic, social, and cultural status (ESCS), teacher support, and parent support had significant explanatory power on school bullying on the student-level; on the school-level, school discipline atmosphere and competitive atmosphere among students had significant impacts on school bullying.
Boys, students who have repeated grades, truancy and arriving late for class, and students with lower ESCS suffer from more severe school bullying. When developing school bullying interventions, teachers and parents should pay more attention to those students and provide more emotional support and encouragement to them. Meanwhile, students in schools with a lower discipline atmosphere and a higher level of competitive atmosphere experience greater levels of bullying, and schools should create more positive and friendly environments to prevent bullying events.
校园欺凌对青少年的身心健康造成严重影响。很少有研究通过整合不同层面的数据来探究影响欺凌行为的各种因素。
基于2018年国际学生评估项目（PISA）中国四个省市的数据库，本研究采用多层次分析模型，将学校层面变量和学生层面变量相结合，以探究学生遭受欺凌的影响因素。
学生的性别、留级、逃学和迟到、经济、社会和文化地位（ESCS）、教师支持和家长支持在学生层面上对校园欺凌具有显著的解释力；在学校层面，学校纪律氛围和学生之间的竞争氛围对校园欺凌有显著影响。
男孩、留级学生、逃学和迟到的学生以及ESCS较低的学生遭受的校园欺凌更为严重。在制定校园欺凌干预措施时，教师和家长应更多地关注这些学生，并给予他们更多的情感支持和鼓励。同时，纪律氛围较低和竞争氛围较高的学校中的学生遭受的欺凌程度更大，学校应营造更积极友好的环境以预防欺凌事件。
