Rigby K, Slee P T
School of Social Studies, University of South Australia, Adelaide.
J Soc Psychol. 1991 Oct;131(5):615-27. doi: 10.1080/00224545.1991.9924646.
The extent of bullying among Australian school children and attitudes toward victims of bullying were investigated in a survey of Australian school children between the ages of 6 and 16 years (n = 685) and their teachers (n = 32). Approximately 1 child in 10 was subjected to peer group bullying. Boys reported being bullied more often than girls, who tended to be more supportive of victims. With increasing age, there was a slight but significant decline in reported bullying; notably, however, attitudes toward victims became less supportive. Attitudes toward victims were examined in detail by using a reliable and validated 20-item Likert scale. Factor analyses of the children's responses yielded three interpretable factors: a tendency to despise the victims of bullies; general admiration for school bullies; and avowed support for intervention to assist the victim. An understanding of such attitudes is desirable for designing effective intervention programs.
通过对6至16岁的澳大利亚学童（n = 685）及其教师（n = 32）进行调查，研究了澳大利亚学童中的欺凌行为程度以及对欺凌受害者的态度。每10个孩子中约有1个遭受同伴群体的欺凌。男孩报告称比女孩更常受到欺凌，而女孩往往对受害者更支持。随着年龄增长，报告的欺凌行为略有但显著下降；然而，值得注意的是，对受害者的态度变得不那么支持了。通过使用可靠且经过验证的20项李克特量表详细研究了对受害者的态度。对儿童回答的因素分析产生了三个可解释的因素：轻视欺凌受害者的倾向；对校园恶霸的普遍钦佩；以及公开支持干预以帮助受害者。了解这些态度对于设计有效的干预计划是可取的。
