Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Egypt.
Curr Med Chem. 2024;31(9):1142-1151. doi: 10.2174/0929867330666230515144133.
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV- 2), which is responsible for coronavirus disease (COVID-19), potentially has severe adverse effects, leading to public health crises worldwide. In COVID-19, deficiency of ACE-2 is linked to increased inflammation and cytokine storms via increased angiotensin II levels and decreased ACE-2/Mas receptor axis activity. MiRNAs are small sequences of noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to the targeted mRNAs. MiR-200 dysfunction has been linked to the development of ARDS following acute lung injury and has been proposed as a key regulator of ACE2 expression. LncRNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) has been recently studied for its modulatory effect on the miRNA-200/ACE2 axis.
The current study aims to investigate the role of lncRNA GAS5, miRNA-200, and ACE2 as new COVID-19 diagnostic markers capable of predicting the severity of SARS-CoV-2 complications.
A total of 280 subjects were classified into three groups: COVID-19-negative controls (n = 80), and COVID-19 patients (n=200) who required hospitalization were classified into two groups: group (2) moderate cases (n = 112) and group (3) severe cases (n = 88).
The results showed that the serum GAS5 expression was significantly down-expressed in COVID-19 patients; as a consequence, the expression of miR-200 was reported to be overexpressed and its targeted ACE2 was down-regulated. The ROC curve was drawn to examine the diagnostic abilities of GAS5, miR-200, and ACE2, yielding high diagnostic accuracy with high sensitivity and specificity.
lncRNA-GAS5, miRNA-200, and ACE2 panels presented great diagnostic potential as they demonstrated the highest diagnostic accuracy for discriminating moderate COVID-19 and severe COVID-19 cases.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）是导致冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的病原体，它可能产生严重的不良反应，导致全球公共卫生危机。在 COVID-19 中，ACE-2 的缺乏与通过增加血管紧张素 II 水平和降低 ACE-2/ Mas 受体轴活性导致的炎症和细胞因子风暴有关。miRNA 是一种通过与靶向 mRNAs 结合来调节基因表达的小非编码 RNA 序列。miR-200 功能障碍与急性肺损伤后的急性呼吸窘迫综合征的发展有关，并被提议作为 ACE2 表达的关键调节剂。长链非编码 RNA 生长停滞特异性转录物 5（GAS5）最近因其对 miRNA-200/ACE2 轴的调节作用而受到研究。
本研究旨在探讨 lncRNA GAS5、miRNA-200 和 ACE2 作为新的 COVID-19 诊断标志物，预测 SARS-CoV-2 并发症严重程度的作用。
总共 280 名受试者分为三组：COVID-19 阴性对照组（n = 80），需要住院的 COVID-19 患者（n = 200）分为两组：组 2（中度病例，n = 112）和组 3（重度病例，n = 88）。
结果表明，COVID-19 患者血清 GAS5 表达显著下调，miR-200 表达上调，其靶向 ACE2 下调。绘制 ROC 曲线以检验 GAS5、miR-200 和 ACE2 的诊断能力，结果表明它们具有高诊断准确性，具有高灵敏度和特异性。
lncRNA-GAS5、miRNA-200 和 ACE2 联合检测具有很大的诊断潜力，因为它们在区分中度 COVID-19 和重度 COVID-19 病例方面表现出最高的诊断准确性。
