Grube J W, Morgan M, McGree S T
Br J Soc Psychol. 1986 Jun;25 ( Pt 2):81-93. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8309.1986.tb00707.x.
This paper considers three potentially important modifications to the theory of reasoned action (Fishbein, 1980). It was hypothesized that behavioural norms, or beliefs about the behaviours of others, are important influences above and beyond subjective norms; the effects of attitudes and normative beliefs on intentions and behaviours are interdependent and interactive rather than additive; and the beliefs underlying subjective and behavioural norms are multidimensional rather than unidimensional. These hypotheses were tested in two surveys of smoking intentions and behaviour. The respondents in the first study were primary school children and those in the second study were college students. In both cases behavioural norms and the attitude-normative belief interactions led to significant increases in the prediction of smoking intentions and behaviour. Exploratory factor analyses also suggested that the beliefs underlying subjective norms may be multidimensional rather than unidimensional. These results thus support the hypotheses and suggest that the theory of reasoned action should be modified accordingly.
本文探讨了对理性行动理论（Fishbein，1980）的三种潜在重要修正。研究假设如下：行为规范，即对他人行为的信念，是主观规范之外的重要影响因素；态度和规范信念对意图和行为的影响是相互依存和相互作用的，而非累加的；主观规范和行为规范背后的信念是多维的，而非单维的。这些假设在两项关于吸烟意图和行为的调查中得到了检验。第一项研究的受访者是小学生，第二项研究的受访者是大学生。在这两个案例中，行为规范以及态度与规范信念的相互作用都使得对吸烟意图和行为的预测显著增加。探索性因素分析还表明，主观规范背后的信念可能是多维的，而非单维的。因此，这些结果支持了上述假设，并表明应相应地修正理性行动理论。
