Harris Anne B, Seeliger Elizabeth, Hess Christi, Sedey Allison L, Kristensen Kayla, Lee Yen, Chung Winnie
Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Madison, WI 53703, USA.
J Otorhinolaryngol Hear Balanc Med. 2022 Oct 24;3(4). doi: 10.3390/ohbm3040008.
This study examines the relationship between the early identification of hearing loss and language outcomes for deaf/hard of hearing (D/HH) children, with bilateral or unilateral hearing loss and with or without additional disabilities. It was hypothesized that hearing loss identified by 3 months of age would be associated with better language outcomes. Using a prospective, longitudinal design, 86 families completed developmental instruments at two time points: at an average age of 14.8 months and an average age of 32.1 months. Multiple regression examined how hearing loss identified by 3 months of age contributed to later language outcomes while controlling for developmental level at the first time point. Hearing loss identified by 3 months of age was positively associated with better language outcomes for D/HH children at 32 months of age; however, D/HH children still exhibited language delays, compared to normative scores for same-aged hearing peers for reported measures. Language outcomes of children with unilateral hearing loss were not better than those of children with mild-to-moderate bilateral hearing loss. Children with additional disabilities and more severe bilateral hearing loss had lower language scores than those without.
本研究考察了患有双侧或单侧听力损失、伴有或不伴有其他残疾的聋/重听（D/HH）儿童听力损失的早期识别与语言发育结果之间的关系。研究假设，3个月大时确诊的听力损失与更好的语言发育结果相关。采用前瞻性纵向设计，86个家庭在两个时间点完成了发育评估工具：平均年龄14.8个月和平均年龄32.1个月。多元回归分析了在控制第一个时间点发育水平的情况下，3个月大时确诊的听力损失如何影响后期的语言发育结果。3个月大时确诊的听力损失与D/HH儿童在32个月大时更好的语言发育结果呈正相关；然而，与同龄听力正常儿童的标准分数相比，D/HH儿童仍存在语言发育迟缓。单侧听力损失儿童的语言发育结果并不优于轻至中度双侧听力损失儿童。伴有其他残疾和更严重双侧听力损失的儿童的语言分数低于无其他残疾的儿童。
