Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; email:
Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2023 Sep 5;61:257-277. doi: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-021621-121447. Epub 2023 May 17.
The microbiota populating the plant-soil continuum defines an untapped resource for sustainable crop production. The host plant is a driver for the taxonomic composition and function of these microbial communities. In this review, we illustrate how the host genetic determinants of the microbiota have been shaped by plant domestication and crop diversification. We discuss how the heritable component of microbiota recruitment may represent, at least partially, a selection for microbial functions underpinning the growth, development, and health of their host plants and how the magnitude of this heritability is influenced by the environment. We illustrate how host-microbiota interactions can be treated as an external quantitative trait and review recent studies associating crop genetics with microbiota-based quantitative traits. We also explore the results of reductionist approaches, including synthetic microbial communities, to establish causal relationships between microbiota and plant phenotypes. Lastly, we propose strategies to integrate microbiota manipulation into crop selection programs. Although a detailed understanding of when and how heritability for microbiota composition can be deployed for breeding purposes is still lacking, we argue that advances in crop genomics are likely to accelerate wider applications of plant-microbiota interactions in agriculture.
定植于植物-土壤连续体中的微生物群落是可持续作物生产的未开发资源。宿主植物是这些微生物群落的分类组成和功能的驱动因素。在这篇综述中，我们说明了宿主植物的遗传决定因素如何塑造了微生物群落的组成。我们讨论了微生物群落募集的可遗传成分如何至少部分地代表了对微生物功能的选择，这些微生物功能是其宿主植物生长、发育和健康的基础，以及这种遗传度的大小如何受到环境的影响。我们说明了如何将宿主-微生物群落相互作用视为一个外部数量性状，并回顾了最近将作物遗传学与基于微生物群落的数量性状相关联的研究。我们还探讨了简化方法（包括合成微生物群落）的结果，以建立微生物群落与植物表型之间的因果关系。最后，我们提出了将微生物群落操纵整合到作物选择计划中的策略。尽管对于何时以及如何将微生物群落组成的遗传度用于育种目的还缺乏详细的了解，但我们认为，作物基因组学的进步很可能会加速农业中植物-微生物群落相互作用的更广泛应用。
