食品垃圾、厌氧消化物和稻田土壤中的微生物群落和抗生素抗性基因分布。
Microbial community and antibiotic resistance gene distribution in food waste, anaerobic digestate, and paddy soil.
机构信息
College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, PR China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur 15030, Turkey.
出版信息
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Sep 1;889:164192. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164192. Epub 2023 May 15.
The study assessed the occurrence and distribution of microbial community and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in food waste, anaerobic digestate, and paddy soil samples, and revealed the potential hosts of ARGs and factors influencing their distribution. A total of 24 bacterial phyla were identified, of which 16 were shared by all samples, with Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria accounting for 65.9-92.3 % of the total bacterial community. Firmicutes was the most abundant bacteria in food waste and digestate samples, accounting for 33-83 % of the total microbial community. However, in paddy soil samples with digestate, Proteobacteria had the highest relative abundance of 38-60 %. Further, 22 ARGs were detected in food waste and digestate samples, with multidrug, macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS), bacitracin, aminoglycoside, tetracycline, vancomycin, sulfonamide, and rifamycin resistance genes being the most abundant and shared by all samples. The highest total relative abundance of ARGs in food waste, digestate, and soil without and with digestate was detected in samples from January 2020, May 2020, October 2019, and May 2020, respectively. The MLS, vancomycin, tetracycline, aminoglycoside, and sulfonamide resistance genes had higher relative abundance in food waste and anaerobic digestate samples, whereas multidrug, bacteriocin, quinolone, and rifampin resistance genes were more abundant in paddy soil samples. Redundancy analysis demonstrated that aminoglycoside, tetracycline, sulfonamide, and rifamycin resistance genes were positively correlated with total ammonia nitrogen and pH of food waste and digestate samples. Vancomycin, multidrug, bacitracin, and fosmidomycin resistance genes had positive correlations with potassium, moisture, and organic matter in soil samples. The co-occurrence of ARG subtypes with bacterial genera was investigated using network analysis. Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Acidobacteria were identified as potential hosts of multidrug resistance genes.
该研究评估了食品垃圾、厌氧消化物和稻田土壤样本中微生物群落和抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）的发生和分布情况，并揭示了 ARGs 的潜在宿主和影响其分布的因素。共鉴定出 24 个细菌门，其中 16 个在所有样本中共享，厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门和变形菌门占总细菌群落的 65.9-92.3%。在食品垃圾和消化物样本中，Firmicutes 是最丰富的细菌，占总微生物群落的 33-83%。然而，在含有消化物的稻田土壤样本中，Proteobacteria 的相对丰度最高，为 38-60%。此外，在食品垃圾和消化物样本中检测到 22 个 ARGs，其中多药、大环内酯-林可酰胺-链阳性菌素（MLS）、杆菌肽、氨基糖苷、四环素、万古霉素、磺胺和利福霉素耐药基因最为丰富，并在所有样本中共享。在没有和有消化物的土壤样本中，食品垃圾、消化物和土壤的 ARG 总量相对丰度最高的分别是 2020 年 1 月、2020 年 5 月、2019 年 10 月和 2020 年 5 月采集的样本。MLS、万古霉素、四环素、氨基糖苷和磺胺类耐药基因在食品垃圾和厌氧消化物样本中的相对丰度较高，而多药、细菌素、喹诺酮和利福平耐药基因在稻田土壤样本中的丰度较高。冗余分析表明，氨基糖苷类、四环素类、磺胺类和利福霉素类耐药基因与食品垃圾和消化物样本的总氨氮和 pH 值呈正相关。万古霉素、多药、杆菌肽和福米霉素耐药基因与土壤样本中的钾、水分和有机质呈正相关。使用网络分析研究了 ARG 亚型与细菌属的共同发生情况。放线菌门、变形菌门、拟杆菌门和酸杆菌门被确定为多药耐药基因的潜在宿主。
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