Institute for Tuberculosis Prevention and Control, Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China.
Institute for Health Promotion,Publicity and Education, Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China.
BMJ Open. 2023 May 17;13(5):e072010. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072010.
We described epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among students and evaluated susceptible populations and areas in Guizhou province and also to provide scientific suggestions for prevention and control.
Guizhou, China.
This is a retrospective epidemiological study on PTB in students.
Data are from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. We collected all PTB cases among the student population from 2010 to 2020 in Guizhou. Incidence, composition ratio and hotspot analysis were used to describe epidemiological and some clinical characteristics.
A total of 37 147 new student PTB cases were registered among the population aged 5-30 years during 2010-2020. The proportions of men and women were 53.71% and 46.29%, respectively. Cases aged 15-19 years dominated (63.91%), and the proportion of ethnic groups was increasing during the period. Generally, the raw annual incidence of PTB among the population was increasing from 32.585 per 100 000 persons in 2010 to 48.872 per 100 000 persons in 2020 ( =1283.230, p<0.001). March and April were the peak months of a year, and cases were clearly grouped in Bijie city. New cases were mainly identified via physical examination, and cases from active screening were still low (0.76%). Additionally, secondary PTB accounted for 93.68%, positive rate of pathogen was only 23.06%, and the recovery rate was 94.60%.
The population aged 15-19 years is the vulnerable population, and Bijie city is the susceptible area. BCG vaccination and promotion for active screening should be the priority of futural PTB prevention and control. Tuberculosis laboratory capacity should be improved.
描述贵州省学生肺结核（PTB）的流行病学特征，评估易感人群和地区，为防治工作提供科学依据。
中国贵州。
这是一项关于贵州省学生肺结核的回顾性流行病学研究。
数据来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统。收集了 2010 年至 2020 年贵州省学生肺结核患者的所有病例。采用发病率、构成比和热点分析来描述流行病学和部分临床特征。
2010-2020 年期间，5-30 岁学生人群中登记了 37147 例新发学生肺结核病例。男性和女性的比例分别为 53.71%和 46.29%。15-19 岁年龄组病例占比最大（63.91%），期间各民族比例呈上升趋势。一般来说，人群肺结核的原始年发病率从 2010 年的 32.585/10 万上升到 2020 年的 48.872/10 万（ =1283.230，p<0.001）。3 月和 4 月是一年中的高峰月份，病例明显集中在毕节市。新发病例主要通过体检发现，主动筛查病例仍然较低（0.76%）。此外，继发性肺结核占 93.68%，病原体阳性率仅为 23.06%，治愈率为 94.60%。
15-19 岁人群为易感人群，毕节市为易感地区。未来肺结核防治工作应优先考虑卡介苗接种和推广主动筛查。应提高结核病实验室能力。
