Division of Restorative and Aesthetic Dentistry, Dental Department, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University and National University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Prosthodont Res. 2024 Apr 8;68(2):255-263. doi: 10.2186/jpr.JPR_D_22_00304. Epub 2023 May 17.
To assess the effects of ceramic thickness, ceramic translucency, and light transmission on restorative composites used as luting cement for lithium disilicate-based ceramics.
Four luting types of cement were tested (n=8); a dual-cured resin cement (Multilink N), a light-cured conventional flowable composite (Tetric N-Flow), and two light-cured bulk-fill flowable composites (Tetric N-Flow Bulk Fill and X-tra base). The 20 s- or 40 s-light (1000 mW/cm) was transmitted through 1- or 2-mm-thick high- or low-translucency (HT- or LT-) ceramic discs (IPS e.Max press) to reach the 1-mm-thick luting cement. Light transmitted to cement without ceramic served as a control. Vickers hardness number (VHN), flexural strength (FS), fractography, and degree of conversion (DC) were evaluated. One-way and multi-way analysis of variance was conducted to determine the effects of factors on VHN and FS.
Ceramic thickness, light transmission time, and cement type significantly affected the VHN of the luting cement (P < .000). Only Multilink N (LT- and HT-1mm) and Tetric N-Flow (HT-1mm) reached 90% VHN of corresponding control by 20 s-light transmissions, but Tetric N-Flow exhibited lowest VHN and approximately 1/3-1/2 VHN of Multilink N (P < 0.05). X-tra base expressed superior physicochemical properties to Tetric N-Flow Bulk Fill (P < 0.05) and reached >90% VHN of control in all conditions with 40 s-light transmissions except for LT-2 mm. DC, FS, and fractography supported these findings.
The light-cured bulk-fill composite served as a luting cement for lithium-disilicate-based ceramics in a product-dependent manner. Light transmission time is crucial to ensure sufficient luting cement polymerization.
评估陶瓷厚度、陶瓷半透明度和透光率对用作锂硅基陶瓷黏固剂的修复复合材料的影响。
测试了 4 种黏固类型的水泥（n=8）：双固化树脂水泥（Multilink N）、光固化常规流动复合材料（Tetric N-Flow）和两种光固化块状填充流动复合材料（Tetric N-Flow Bulk Fill 和 X-tra base）。20 s 或 40 s 的光（1000 mW/cm）通过 1 或 2mm 厚的高或低半透明度（HT 或 LT-）陶瓷盘（IPS e.Max press）传输到达 1mm 厚的黏固水泥。没有陶瓷的光传输到水泥作为对照。评估维氏硬度数（VHN）、弯曲强度（FS）、断口形貌和转化率（DC）。采用单因素和多因素方差分析来确定因素对 VHN 和 FS 的影响。
陶瓷厚度、透光时间和水泥类型显著影响黏固水泥的 VHN（P<0.000）。只有 Multilink N（LT-和 HT-1mm）和 Tetric N-Flow（HT-1mm）在 20 s 光传输下达到相应对照物的 90% VHN，但 Tetric N-Flow 表现出最低的 VHN，大约为 Multilink N 的 1/3-1/2（P<0.05）。X-tra base 在所有条件下（除了 LT-2mm）用 40 s 光传输都表现出优于 Tetric N-Flow Bulk Fill 的理化性能，除 LT-2mm 外，其均达到对照物的>90% VHN。DC、FS 和断口形貌支持这些发现。
光固化块状填充复合材料以产品依赖的方式作为锂硅基陶瓷的黏固剂。透光时间对于确保足够的黏固水泥聚合至关重要。
