Striberger Rebecka, Zarrouk Moncef, Kumlien Christine, Axelsson Malin
Department of Care Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, SE-20506, Sweden.
Vascular Centre, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
BMC Nurs. 2023 May 17;22(1):167. doi: 10.1186/s12912-023-01329-2.
Patients with intermittent claudication need lifelong treatment with secondary prevention to prevent cardiovascular events and progression of atherosclerotic disease. Illness perception, health literacy, self-efficacy, adherence to medication treatment, and quality of life are factors influencing patients' self-management. Knowledge of these factors could be important when planning for secondary prevention in patients with intermittent claudication.
to compare illness perception, health literacy, self-efficacy, adherence to treatment, and quality of life in in patients with intermittent claudication.
A longitudinal cohort study was conducted with 128 participants recruited from vascular units in southern Sweden. Data were collected through medical records and questionnaires regarding illness perception, health literacy, self-efficacy, adherence to treatment, and quality of life.
In the subscales in illness perception, patients with sufficient health literacy reported less consequences and lower emotional representations of the intermittent claudication. They also reported higher self-efficacy and higher quality of life than patients with insufficient health literacy. In comparison between men and women in illness perception, women reported higher illness coherence and emotional representations associated with intermittent claudication compared to men. A multiple regression showed that both consequences and adherence were negative predictors of quality of life. When examining changes over time, a significant increase in quality of life was seen between baseline and 12 months, but there were no significant differences in self-efficacy..
Illness perception differs in relation to level of health literacy and between men and women. Further, the level of health literacy seems to be of importance for patients' self-efficacy and quality of life. This illuminates the need for new strategies for improving health literacy, illness perception, and self-efficacy over time. For example, more tailored information regarding secondary prevention could be provided to strengthen self-management to further improve quality of life in patients with intermittent claudication.
间歇性跛行患者需要进行终身二级预防治疗，以预防心血管事件和动脉粥样硬化疾病的进展。疾病认知、健康素养、自我效能感、药物治疗依从性和生活质量是影响患者自我管理的因素。了解这些因素对于规划间歇性跛行患者的二级预防可能很重要。
比较间歇性跛行患者的疾病认知、健康素养、自我效能感、治疗依从性和生活质量。
对从瑞典南部血管科招募的128名参与者进行了一项纵向队列研究。通过病历和问卷收集有关疾病认知、健康素养、自我效能感、治疗依从性和生活质量的数据。
在疾病认知的子量表中，健康素养充足的患者报告的间歇性跛行后果较少，情感反应较低。他们还报告说，与健康素养不足的患者相比，自我效能感更高，生活质量更高。在疾病认知方面，男性和女性的比较中，女性报告的与间歇性跛行相关的疾病连贯性和情感反应高于男性。多元回归显示，后果和依从性都是生活质量的负向预测因素。在检查随时间的变化时，从基线到12个月，生活质量有显著提高，但自我效能感没有显著差异。
疾病认知因健康素养水平以及男性和女性的不同而有所差异。此外，健康素养水平似乎对患者的自我效能感和生活质量很重要。这表明需要随着时间的推移制定新的策略来提高健康素养、疾病认知和自我效能感。例如，可以提供更具针对性的二级预防信息，以加强自我管理，进一步提高间歇性跛行患者的生活质量。
