Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
J Vet Intern Med. 2023 May-Jun;37(3):968-975. doi: 10.1111/jvim.16713. Epub 2023 May 18.
The pathogenesis of gallbladder (GB) mucoceles in dogs is unknown. It has been proposed that hyperlipidemia could impair GB motility and contribute to GB mucocele formation.
HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare GB motility in dogs with hyperlipidemia to control dogs using ultrasonography. We hypothesized that hyperlipidemic dogs will have decreased GB motility compared with controls.
Twenty-six hyperlipidemic and 28 healthy, age-matched control dogs were prospectively enrolled.
Cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were measured in all dogs. Hyperlipidemia was defined as hypercholesterolemia (>332 mg/dL) and/or hypertriglyceridemia (>143 mg/dL) using a biochemical analyzer. Ultrasound was performed before feeding, and 60 and 120 minutes after ingestion of a high fat diet. Gallbladder volumes (GBV) and ejection fractions (EF) were calculated.
Hyperlipidemic dogs had significantly larger GBVs (ml/kg) before feeding and 60 minutes after feeding of 1.2 (0.4-7.5; P = .008) and 0.6 (0.1-7.2; P = .04) compared with controls 0.6 (0.2-2.6) and 0.4 (0.1-1.9), respectively. Severely hyperlipidemic dogs had significantly larger GBV at baseline, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes of 1.7 (0.6-7.5; P = .03), 1.3 (0.4-7.2; P = .02), and 1.3 (0.2-8.2; P = .04), respectively compared with mildly hyperlipidemic dogs. EFs at 60 and 120 minutes between controls, hyperlipidemic, and severely hyperlipidemic were all 0.3 at 60 minutes and 0.5, 0.3, and 0.3 at 120 minutes, respectively which were not statistically different.
Hyperlipidemia leads to GB distention in dogs which could lead to retention of bile and gallbladder disease.
犬胆囊（GB）黏液囊肿的发病机制尚不清楚。有人提出，高脂血症可能会损害 GB 的运动功能，并导致 GB 黏液囊肿形成。
假说/目的：本研究的目的是使用超声比较高脂血症犬和对照犬的 GB 运动。我们假设与对照组相比，高脂血症犬的 GB 运动能力会降低。
前瞻性纳入 26 只高脂血症和 28 只年龄匹配的健康对照犬。
所有犬均测量胆固醇和甘油三酯浓度。使用生化分析仪定义高脂血症为高胆固醇血症（>332mg/dL）和/或高甘油三酯血症（>143mg/dL）。在进食前、进食高脂肪饮食后 60 和 120 分钟进行超声检查。计算胆囊体积（GBV）和排空分数（EF）。
高脂血症犬在进食前和进食后 60 分钟的 GBV（ml/kg）明显大于对照组，分别为 1.2（0.4-7.5；P=.008）和 0.6（0.1-7.2；P=.04），而对照组分别为 0.6（0.2-2.6）和 0.4（0.1-1.9）。严重高脂血症犬在基线、60 分钟和 120 分钟时的 GBV 明显更大，分别为 1.7（0.6-7.5；P=.03）、1.3（0.4-7.2；P=.02）和 1.3（0.2-8.2；P=.04），与轻度高脂血症犬相比。对照组、高脂血症组和严重高脂血症组在 60 分钟和 120 分钟时的 EF 均为 0.3，在 120 分钟时分别为 0.5、0.3 和 0.3，差异均无统计学意义。
高脂血症可导致犬胆囊扩张，导致胆汁潴留和胆囊疾病。
