Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Pathein University, No.3 Quarter, Ka Thone Sint Estate, Pathein Township 10014, Ayeyarwady Region, Pathein, Myanmar.
Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Sep 1;889:163983. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163983. Epub 2023 May 16.
Marine debris comprising single-use plastic products (SUPs) is ubiquitous in Asian coastal waters, but there is little information on the types of polymers and the concentrations of plastic additives such waste products contain. In this study, 413 SUPs randomly collected from 4 Asian countries between 2020 and 2021 were analyzed to obtain specific polymer and organic additive profiles. Polyethylene (PE), coupled with external polymers, was prominent in the inside of the SUPs, whereas polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were prevalent in both the insides and outsides of the SUPs. The use of different polymers in the insides and outsides of PE SUPs implies specific and complicated recycling systems are required to maintain the purity of the products. Phthalate plasticizers including dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) were prevalent in the SUPs (n = 68). High concentrations of DEHP were detected in PE bags from Myanmar (820,000 ng/g) and Indonesia (420,000 ng/g), which were an order of magnitude greater than the concentrations in PE bags collected in Japan. SUPs containing high concentrations of organic additives may be the primary source of harmful chemicals in the environment, and should be responsible for their ubiquitous distribution in ecosystems.
海洋垃圾中包含大量的一次性塑料产品（SUPs），这些垃圾在亚洲沿海地区随处可见，但关于这些废弃物中聚合物的类型和塑料添加剂的浓度等信息却知之甚少。在本研究中，我们分析了 2020 年至 2021 年间从亚洲 4 个国家随机收集的 413 个 SUPs，以获取特定的聚合物和有机添加剂分布情况。聚乙烯（PE）与外部聚合物结合，在 SUPs 的内部较为突出，而聚丙烯（PP）和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）则在 SUPs 的内外两面都很常见。PE SUPs 内部和外部使用不同的聚合物，意味着需要特定且复杂的回收系统来保持产品的纯度。邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂，包括邻苯二甲酸二甲酯（DMP）、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP）、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯（DiBP）、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）和邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP），以及抗氧化剂丁基羟基甲苯（BHT），在 SUPs 中较为常见（n=68）。在缅甸（820,000ng/g）和印度尼西亚（420,000ng/g）收集的 PE 袋中检测到高浓度的 DEHP，其浓度比日本收集的 PE 袋高出一个数量级。含有高浓度有机添加剂的 SUPs 可能是环境中有害化学物质的主要来源，应该对其在生态系统中的广泛分布负责。
