Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center on Animal Healthy Environment, 100083 Beijing, China.
College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Aug 25;888:164088. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164088. Epub 2023 May 16.
Environmental impact evaluation of buildings is critical for further analysis and optimization of pig farms for sustainable pork production. This study is the first attempt to quantify the carbon and water footprints of a standard intensive pig farm building using building information modeling (BIM) and operation simulation model. The model was constructed with carbon emission and water consumption coefficients, and a database was built. The results showed that the operational stage of pig farm accounted for most of the carbon footprint (49.3-84.9 %) and water footprint (65.5-92.5 %). Building materials production ranked second in carbon (12.0-42.5 %) and water footprints (4.4-24.9 %), and pig farm maintenance ranked third in carbon (1.7-5.7 %) and water footprints (0.7-3.6 %). Notably, the mining and production stages of building materials contributed the largest carbon and water footprints of pig farm construction. Masonry materials have a significant impact on the overall carbon and water footprints of the pig farm. Pig farm using aerated concrete could reduce 41.1 % of the total carbon footprint and 58.9 % of the total water footprint compared to that using coal gangue sintered brick and autoclaved fly ash brick. This study presented a BIM-enabled method for carbon and water footprint analysis of pig farms and illustrated how the model can be used to facilitate the low carbon design of agricultural buildings.
建筑物的环境影响评价对于进一步分析和优化养猪场以实现可持续猪肉生产至关重要。本研究首次尝试使用建筑信息模型 (BIM) 和运营模拟模型量化标准集约化养猪场建筑的碳足迹和水足迹。该模型使用碳排放和耗水系数构建，并建立了数据库。结果表明，养猪场的运营阶段占碳足迹（49.3-84.9%）和水足迹（65.5-92.5%）的大部分。建筑材料生产在碳足迹（12.0-42.5%）和水足迹（4.4-24.9%）方面排名第二，而养猪场维护在碳足迹（1.7-5.7%）和水足迹（0.7-3.6%）方面排名第三。值得注意的是，建筑材料的开采和生产阶段对养猪场建设的碳足迹和水足迹贡献最大。砌体材料对养猪场的整体碳足迹和水足迹有重大影响。与使用煤矸石烧结砖和蒸压粉煤灰砖相比，使用加气混凝土的养猪场可减少 41.1%的总碳足迹和 58.9%的总水足迹。本研究提出了一种基于 BIM 的养猪场碳足迹和水足迹分析方法，并说明了如何使用该模型促进农业建筑的低碳设计。
