Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Nantes Université, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France; Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, BioCore, US16, SFR Bonamy, F-44000 Nantes, France; CRNH-Ouest Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, F-44000 Nantes, France.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2023 Jun;55:174-177. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.03.012. Epub 2023 Mar 21.
Impaired arterial elasticity reflects increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Treatment with omega-3 fatty acid ethyl esters (ω-3FAEEs) in FH patients has been shown to improve postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) metabolism, including TRL-apolipoprotein(a) [TRL-apo(a)]. Whether ω-3FAEE intervention also improves postprandial arterial elasticity in FH has not been demonstrated.
We carried out an 8-week open-label, randomized, crossover trial to test the effect of ω-3FAEEs (4 g/day) on postprandial arterial elasticity in 20 FH subjects following ingestion of an oral fat load. Fasting and postprandial large (C1) and small (C2) artery elasticity at 4 and 6 h were measured by pulse contour analysis of the radial artery. The area under-the-curves (AUCs) (0-6 h) for C1, C2, plasma triglycerides and TRL-apo(a) were determined using the trapezium rule.
Compared with no treatment, ω-3FAEEs significantly increased fasting (+9%, P < 0.05) and postprandial C1 at 4 h (+13%, P < 0.05) and at 6 h (+10%, P < 0.05), with improvement in the postprandial C1 AUC (+10%, P < 0.01). ω-3FAEEs also decreased postprandial triglyceride and TRL-apo(a) AUCs (-17% and -19%, respectively, P < 0.05). ω-3FAEEs had no significant effect on fasting and postprandial C2. The change in C1 AUC was inversely associated with the changes in the AUC of triglycerides (r = -0.609, P < 0.01) and TRL-apo(a) (r = -0.490, P < 0.05).
High-dose ω-3FAEEs improves postprandial large artery elasticity in adults with FH. Reduction in postprandial TRL-apo(a) with ω-3FAEEs may contribute to the improvement in large artery elasticity. However, our findings need to be confirmed in a larger population.
com/NCT01577056.
动脉弹性受损反映了家族性高胆固醇血症（FH）患者发生动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的风险增加。在 FH 患者中使用ω-3 脂肪酸乙酯（ω-3FAEE）治疗已被证明可改善餐后富含甘油三酯的脂蛋白（TRL）代谢，包括 TRL-载脂蛋白（a）[TRL-apo（a）]。ω-3FAEE 干预是否也能改善 FH 患者的餐后动脉弹性尚未得到证实。
我们进行了一项 8 周的开放性、随机、交叉试验，以测试 ω-3FAEE（4g/天）对 20 名 FH 受试者口服脂肪负荷后餐后动脉弹性的影响。通过桡动脉脉搏轮廓分析测量空腹和餐后大动脉（C1）和小动脉（C2）的弹性。使用梯形规则确定 C1、C2、血浆甘油三酯和 TRL-apo（a）的曲线下面积（AUC）（0-6 小时）。
与无治疗相比，ω-3FAEE 显著增加了空腹（+9%，P<0.05）和餐后 4 小时（+13%，P<0.05）和 6 小时（+10%，P<0.05）的 C1，并且改善了餐后 C1 AUC（+10%，P<0.01）。ω-3FAEE 还降低了餐后甘油三酯和 TRL-apo（a）AUC（分别为-17%和-19%，P<0.05）。ω-3FAEE 对空腹和餐后 C2 无显著影响。C1 AUC 的变化与甘油三酯（r=-0.609，P<0.01）和 TRL-apo（a）（r=-0.490，P<0.05）的 AUC 变化呈负相关。
高剂量 ω-3FAEE 可改善 FH 成人的餐后大动脉弹性。ω-3FAEE 降低餐后 TRL-apo（a）可能有助于改善大动脉弹性。然而，我们的研究结果需要在更大的人群中得到证实。
