Chan D C, Pang J, Barrett P H R, Sullivan D R, Mori T A, Burnett J R, van Bockxmeer F M, Watts G F
School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2016 Dec;26(12):1140-1145. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.07.012. Epub 2016 Aug 3.
Increased arterial stiffness is closely linked with raised blood pressure that contributes substantially to enhanced risk of coronary heart disease in high risk individuals with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH). Omega-3 fatty acid (ω3-FA) supplementation has been demonstrated to lower blood pressure in subjects with a high cardiovascular disease risk. Whether ω3-FA supplementation improves arterial stiffness in FH subjects, on background statin therapy, has yet to be investigated.
We carried out an 8-week randomized, crossover intervention trial to test the effect of 4 g/d ω3-FA supplementation (46% eicosapentaenoic acid and 38% docosahexaenoic acid) on arterial elasticity in 20 adults with FH on optimal cholesterol-lowering therapy. Large and small artery elasticity were measured by pulse contour analysis of the radial artery. ω3-FA supplementation significantly (P < 0.05 in all) increased large artery elasticity (+9%) and reduced systolic blood pressure (-6%) and diastolic blood pressure (-6%), plasma triglycerides (-20%), apoB concentration (-8%). In contrast, ω3-FAs had no significant effect on small artery elasticity. The change in large artery elasticity was not significantly associated with changes in systolic blood pressure or plasma triglyceride concentration.
ω3-FA supplementation improves large arterial elasticity and arterial blood pressure independent of statin therapy in adults with FH.
动脉僵硬度增加与血压升高密切相关，这在家族性高胆固醇血症（FH）的高危个体中极大地增加了冠心病风险。已证实补充ω-3脂肪酸（ω3-FA）可降低心血管疾病高危患者的血压。在接受他汀类药物治疗的FH患者中，补充ω3-FA是否能改善动脉僵硬度尚待研究。
我们进行了一项为期8周的随机交叉干预试验，以测试每日补充4克ω3-FA（46%二十碳五烯酸和38%二十二碳六烯酸）对20名接受最佳降脂治疗的FH成年患者动脉弹性的影响。通过桡动脉脉搏轮廓分析测量大动脉和小动脉弹性。补充ω3-FA显著（所有P<0.05）提高了大动脉弹性（+9%），降低了收缩压（-6%）、舒张压（-6%）、血浆甘油三酯（-20%）、载脂蛋白B浓度（-8%）。相比之下，ω3-FA对小动脉弹性无显著影响。大动脉弹性的变化与收缩压或血浆甘油三酯浓度的变化无显著相关性。
在FH成年患者中，补充ω3-FA可改善大动脉弹性和动脉血压，且独立于他汀类药物治疗。
