Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Evolution. 2023 Jul 27;77(8):1882-1892. doi: 10.1093/evolut/qpad092.
Mutualisms are associations in which interacting species provide services or resources to each other. It has been suggested that being party to a mutualism can spur the diversification of the interacting species due to several potential hypothesized mechanisms. There is empirical evidence to both support and refute this prediction. However, this evidence comes from a variety of different methodologies, some of which have been found to be unreliable when the phylogenetic model is misspecified, and different data types and it is therefore difficult to weigh together. Here, we synthesize phylogenetic comparative datasets and analyze the data in a consistent manner using both sister-clade comparisons and hidden-trait state-dependent speciation and extinction models. The results are mixed-for the majority of the datasets we find no evidence for an effect on diversification rates in either direction, with several showing significant positive associations and a few showing significant negative associations. In contrast to the generally mixed findings between datasets, we find that qualitative results to be consistent when analyzing taxonomically overlapping datasets using different methods, suggesting that the detected variation in diversification is due to the nature of the mutualism and not due to differences in methodology.
互利共生是指相互作用的物种之间提供服务或资源的关系。有人认为，由于几种潜在的假设机制，参与互利共生可以促进相互作用的物种的多样化。有实证证据支持和反驳这一预测。然而，这些证据来自于各种不同的方法，其中一些在系统发育模型指定错误时被发现不可靠，并且不同的数据类型也很难一起权衡。在这里，我们综合了系统发育比较数据集，并使用姐妹枝比较和隐藏特征状态依赖的物种形成和灭绝模型以一致的方式分析数据。结果喜忧参半——对于大多数数据集，我们没有发现对任何方向的多样化率有影响的证据，有几个显示出显著的正相关，有几个显示出显著的负相关。与数据集之间普遍混合的结果相反，当我们使用不同的方法分析分类学上重叠的数据集时，我们发现定性结果是一致的，这表明检测到的多样化变化是由于互利共生的性质，而不是由于方法的差异。
