Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark.
Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Acta Paediatr. 2023 Aug;112(8):1740-1746. doi: 10.1111/apa.16852. Epub 2023 Jun 1.
Face masks have been used to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 transmission. We investigated the impact of face mask use on paediatric patients with asthma.
Between February 2021 and January 2022, we surveyed adolescents aged 10-17 attending the paediatric outpatient clinic at the Lillebaelt Hospital, Kolding, Denmark with asthma, other breathing problems or no breathing problems.
We recruited 408 participants (53.4% girls) with a median age of 14 years: 312 in the asthma group, 37 in the other breathing problems group and 59 in the no breathing problems group. Most participants experienced mask-related breathing impairment. The relative risk (RR) of experiencing severe breathing problems, compared to no problems, was more than four times as high for adolescents with asthma (RR 4.6, 95% CI 1.3-16.8, p = 0.02) than adolescents with no breathing problems. More than a third (35.9%) of the asthma group experienced mild asthma and 3.9% had severe asthma. Girls experienced more mild (RR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2-3.1, p < 0.01) and severe (RR 6.6, 95% CI 3.1-13.8, p < 0.01) symptoms than boys. Age had no effect. Adequate asthma control minimised negative effects.
Face masks caused significant breathing impairment in most adolescents, particularly in those with asthma.
口罩已被用于预防严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 型的传播。我们研究了口罩使用对患有哮喘的儿科患者的影响。
在 2021 年 2 月至 2022 年 1 月期间，我们调查了在丹麦科灵的 Lillebaelt 医院儿科门诊就诊的 10-17 岁青少年，他们患有哮喘、其他呼吸问题或无呼吸问题。
我们招募了 408 名参与者（53.4%为女孩），中位年龄为 14 岁：312 名在哮喘组，37 名在其他呼吸问题组，59 名在无呼吸问题组。大多数参与者经历了与口罩相关的呼吸障碍。与无问题相比，哮喘青少年（RR 4.6，95%CI 1.3-16.8，p=0.02）出现严重呼吸问题的相对风险（RR）高出四倍以上，而无呼吸问题的青少年则高出四倍以上。哮喘组中超过三分之一（35.9%）的青少年患有轻度哮喘，3.9%的青少年患有重度哮喘。女孩经历了更多的轻度（RR 1.9，95%CI 1.2-3.1，p<0.01）和重度（RR 6.6，95%CI 3.1-13.8，p<0.01）症状比男孩多。年龄没有影响。适当的哮喘控制可最大程度地减少负面影响。
口罩会导致大多数青少年出现明显的呼吸障碍，尤其是患有哮喘的青少年。
