Wang Hai-Yan, Cui Xiong-Wei, Zhang Yong-Hong, Chen Yu, Lu Ning-Ning, Sheng Shou-Peng, Gao Wen-Feng, Yang Xiao-Zheng, Duan Zhong-Ping
Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Front Oncol. 2023 May 2;13:1048049. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1048049. eCollection 2023.
Topical therapy has been shown to induce an immune response in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, a prospective parallel group control experiment was conducted to compare the differences between radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation in inducing the immune regulation of NK cells.
Sixty patients with clinically and pathologically confirmed hepatitis B-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were selected for thermal ablation. Patients were randomly assigned into the MWA group (n = 30) and the RFA group (n = 30). Patient's peripheral blood was isolated on days D0, D7, and month M1. NK cell subsets, receptors, and killing function were detected by flow cytometry and LDH. Student t test and rank sum test were used to compare the statistical differences between the RFA (radio frequency) and MWA (microwave) groups. The Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test were used to calculate the difference between the two survival curves.
Comparison of the frequency of CD3-CD56+ and CD3-CD56+CD16+ in NK cells between the RFA and WMA groups showed that there was no difference in the D0, D7, M1, D7-D0, M1-D0, and M1-D7 groups. The changes of the inhibitory NK cell receptor CD159A were significantly different at D7 (P<0.05). CD107a were compared between the RFA and WMA groups, indicating that CD107a changes induced by NK cells were significantly different at D7-D0 (P<0.05). Comparison of NK cell lysis activity of target K562 cells between the RFA and WMA groups showed that there was no difference at D0, D7, D7-D0. There was no difference in recurrence-free survival (RFS) between the RFA and WMA groups (P=0.11).
The difference between MWA and RFA-induced NK cell changes was mainly manifested in the inhibitory receptors CD159a and CD107a 1 week after surgery, with microwave-induced changes being more severe. Comparison of the NK cell lysis activity of the target K562 cells between the RFA and WMA groups showed that there was no difference in D0, D7, D7- D0. Survival analysis showed that these differences did not affect the recurrence-free survival (RFS) in the two groups.
局部治疗已被证明可在肝细胞癌（HCC）患者中诱导免疫反应。在本研究中，进行了一项前瞻性平行组对照实验，以比较射频消融和微波消融在诱导自然杀伤细胞（NK细胞）免疫调节方面的差异。
选取60例临床和病理确诊的乙型肝炎相关肝细胞癌（HCC）患者进行热消融治疗。患者被随机分为微波消融组（n = 30）和射频消融组（n = 30）。在第0天、第7天和第1个月采集患者外周血。通过流式细胞术和乳酸脱氢酶检测NK细胞亚群、受体及杀伤功能。采用Student t检验和秩和检验比较射频消融（RFA）组和微波消融（MWA）组之间的统计学差异。采用Kaplan-Meier曲线和对数秩检验计算两条生存曲线之间的差异。
RFA组和WMA组NK细胞中CD3-CD56+和CD3-CD56+CD16+的频率比较显示，在第0天、第7天、第1个月、第7天-第0天、第1个月-第0天和第1个月-第7天组中无差异。抑制性NK细胞受体CD159A在第7天的变化有显著差异（P<0.05）。比较RFA组和WMA组之间的CD107a，表明NK细胞诱导的CD107a变化在第7天-第0天有显著差异（P<0.05）。RFA组和WMA组之间靶细胞K562的NK细胞裂解活性比较显示，在第0天、第7天、第7天-第0天无差异。RFA组和WMA组之间的无复发生存期（RFS）无差异（P = 0.11）。
MWA和RFA诱导的NK细胞变化差异主要表现在术后1周时抑制性受体CD159a和CD107a上，微波诱导的变化更严重。RFA组和WMA组之间靶细胞K562的NK细胞裂解活性比较显示，在第0天、第7天、第7天-第0天无差异。生存分析表明，这些差异不影响两组的无复发生存期（RFS）。
