Jiang Yu, Mu Hongli, Zhao Hengli
Department of Clinical Research Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Cent Eur J Immunol. 2023;48(1):63-69. doi: 10.5114/ceji.2023.126615. Epub 2023 Apr 12.
Homeobox containing 1 (HMBOX1) is a transcription factor that was identified in 2006 from a cDNA library of the human pancreas. It belongs to the HNF gene class of the homeobox family. HMBOX1 is widely expressed in normal human tissues; however, its expression level is rather uneven. Homeobox members have been widely reported to participate in embryonic development and differentiation as well as in pathological and physiological processes. Although research on the role of HMBOX1 is still in its infancy, many reports have revealed its regulatory role in cell differentiation, immune regulation, inflammation, and tumor progression. HMBOX1 plays an important role in promoting the differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) into endothelial cells and contributes to their physiological functions. As an immunoregulatory factor, HMBOX1 can significantly inhibit the inflammatory response in hepatocytes and NK cells and impede the infiltration of peripheral immune cells to the liver. In tumor development, HMBOX1 exerts diametrically opposite biological functions, inhibiting or promoting the process. HMBOX1 possesses complex and diverse biological functions. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the research on HMBOX1.
含同源盒1（HMBOX1）是一种转录因子，于2006年从人胰腺的cDNA文库中鉴定出来。它属于同源盒家族的HNF基因类别。HMBOX1在正常人体组织中广泛表达；然而，其表达水平相当不均一。同源盒成员已被广泛报道参与胚胎发育与分化以及病理和生理过程。尽管关于HMBOX1作用的研究仍处于起步阶段，但许多报道已揭示其在细胞分化、免疫调节、炎症和肿瘤进展中的调节作用。HMBOX1在促进骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSC）向内皮细胞分化并有助于其生理功能方面发挥重要作用。作为一种免疫调节因子，HMBOX1可显著抑制肝细胞和NK细胞中的炎症反应，并阻碍外周免疫细胞向肝脏的浸润。在肿瘤发展过程中，HMBOX1发挥着截然相反的生物学功能，抑制或促进这一过程。HMBOX1具有复杂多样的生物学功能。在本综述中，我们简要概述了关于HMBOX1的研究。
