Molecular Nutrition and Diabetes Research Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; email:
Annu Rev Nutr. 2023 Aug 21;43:199-223. doi: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-061021-030223. Epub 2023 May 19.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic fatty liver disease worldwide, particularly in obese and type 2 diabetic individuals. Currently, there are no therapies for NAFLD that have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Herein, we examine the rationale for using ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in NAFLD therapy. This focus is based on the finding that NAFLD severity is associated with a reduction of hepatic C ω3 PUFAs. Because C ω3 PUFAs are pleiotropic regulators of cell function, loss of C ω3 PUFAs has the potential to significantly impact hepatic function. We describe NAFLD prevalence and pathophysiology as well as current NAFLD therapies. We also present evidence from clinical and preclinical studies that evaluated the capacity of C ω3 PUFAs to treat NAFLD. Given the clinical and preclinical evidence, dietary C ω3 PUFA supplementation has the potential to decrease human NAFLD severity by reducing hepatosteatosis and liver injury.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是全球最常见的慢性肝病，尤其在肥胖和 2 型糖尿病患者中更为常见。目前，美国食品和药物管理局尚未批准任何用于治疗 NAFLD 的方法。本文旨在探讨使用 ω3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）治疗 NAFLD 的原理。这一重点基于以下发现：NAFLD 的严重程度与肝 C ω3 PUFA 的减少有关。由于 C ω3 PUFA 是细胞功能的多效调节剂，因此 C ω3 PUFA 的缺失有可能对肝功能产生重大影响。我们描述了 NAFLD 的流行程度和发病机制以及目前的 NAFLD 治疗方法。我们还提供了来自临床和临床前研究的证据，这些研究评估了 C ω3 PUFA 治疗 NAFLD 的能力。鉴于临床和临床前的证据，膳食 C ω3 PUFA 补充剂有可能通过减少肝脂肪变性和肝损伤来降低人类 NAFLD 的严重程度。
