Nijhuis J G
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1986 May;21(5-6):301-8. doi: 10.1016/0028-2243(86)90008-0.
Behavioural states do exist in the human fetus. These states have been called 1F to 4F and resemble states 1 to 4 in the neonate. States 1F and 2F are similar to 'non-REM sleep' or 'quiet sleep' and 'REM-sleep' or 'active sleep', respectively. The fetus spends most of the time in these two states. Each state can be characterized by a particular combination of 3 variables: presence or absence of fetal eye movements and body movements, and fetal heart rate patterns A, B, C and D. From about 36 wk these combinations can be recognized during longer periods without interruptions, and with clear state-transitions. At 32 wk a certain linkage between the three variables is already present but a step-wise increase can be seen between 36 and 38 wk. Fetal breathing, mouthing movements and fetal voiding are state concomitants. Breathing movements are much more regular during state 1F than during state 2F, while the incidence is increased in 2F. It is demonstrated that knowledge of fetal behavioural states is necessary for an adequate interpretation of the fetal heart rate patterns. The concept of behavioural states may be useful for the early detection of disturbances of the developing fetal nervous system. It is therefore concluded that further studies on fetal behaviour have to be 'standardized' for behavioural states.
人类胎儿确实存在行为状态。这些状态被称为1F至4F，与新生儿的状态1至4相似。状态1F和2F分别类似于“非快速眼动睡眠”或“安静睡眠”以及“快速眼动睡眠”或“活跃睡眠”。胎儿大部分时间处于这两种状态。每种状态都可以通过三个变量的特定组合来表征：胎儿是否有眼球运动和身体运动，以及胎儿心率模式A、B、C和D。从大约36周开始，这些组合在较长时间段内可以被识别，且没有中断，并且有明显的状态转换。在32周时，这三个变量之间已经存在一定的联系，但在36至38周之间可以看到逐步增加。胎儿呼吸、张嘴动作和排尿是状态伴随现象。在状态1F期间呼吸运动比在状态2F期间更规律，而在状态2F中发生率增加。结果表明，了解胎儿行为状态对于充分解释胎儿心率模式是必要的。行为状态的概念可能有助于早期发现发育中的胎儿神经系统的紊乱。因此得出结论，对胎儿行为的进一步研究必须针对行为状态进行“标准化”。
