Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, AgroSciences and Environment, labeled Research Unit CNRST N°4 Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco; AgroBioSciences Program, Mohammed 6 Polytechnic University UM6P, Benguerir 43150, Morocco.
Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, AgroSciences and Environment, labeled Research Unit CNRST N°4 Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco; AgroBioSciences Program, Mohammed 6 Polytechnic University UM6P, Benguerir 43150, Morocco.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2023 Jul 1;259:114997. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114997. Epub 2023 May 19.
Olive mill wastewater sludge (OMWS) is a by-product of the olive extraction process that is attracting substantial attention due to its extremely hazardous effects on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. OMWS is a product of the common disposal method of olive oil mill wastewater (OMWW) that accumulates in evaporation ponds. It is estimated that approximately 10 × 10 m of OMWS is generated worldwide each year. OMWS is characterized by its significantly variable physicochemical properties and organic pollutant constituents, such as phenols and lipids, which are dependent upon the environmental features of the receiving ponds. Nonetheless, many related studies have recognized the biofertilizer potential of this sludge owing to its high mineral nutrient and organic matter load. OMWS exhibits promising valorization potential in several fields, including agriculture and energy production. Compared to those of OMWW, studies of OMWS are still lacking concerning its composition and characteristics, which are necessary for the future implementation of efficient valorization strategies. The main purpose of this review paper is to fill the gap that exists in the literature by providing a critical analysis of the available data on OMWS production, distribution, characteristics, and properties. Additionally, this work sheds light on important factors affecting OMWS properties, including the variability of the indigenous microbial communities regarding bioremediation. Finally, this review addresses the current and future valorization routes, from detoxification to the development of promising applications in agriculture, energy, and the environment, which could have significant socioeconomic implications for low-income Mediterranean countries.
橄榄磨废水污泥（OMWS）是橄榄油提取过程中的一种副产品，由于其对水生和陆地生态系统具有极其危险的影响，因此引起了广泛关注。OMWS 是橄榄油厂废水（OMWW）常见的处置方法的产物，会在蒸发池内积累。据估计，全球每年大约产生 10×10 立方米的 OMWS。OMWS 的特点是其物理化学性质和有机污染物成分（如酚类和脂质）具有很大的可变性，这取决于接收池的环境特征。尽管如此，许多相关研究已经认识到这种污泥具有生物肥料的潜力，因为它具有高的矿物营养和有机质负荷。OMWS 在农业和能源生产等多个领域具有广阔的增值潜力。与 OMWW 相比，关于 OMWS 的组成和特性的研究仍然缺乏，这对于未来实施有效的增值策略是必要的。本文的主要目的是通过对 OMWS 的生产、分布、特性和性质的现有数据进行批判性分析，填补文献中的空白。此外，这项工作还阐明了影响 OMWS 特性的重要因素，包括生物修复中土著微生物群落的可变性。最后，本文探讨了当前和未来的增值途径，从解毒到在农业、能源和环境中开发有前途的应用，这对地中海低收入国家具有重要的社会经济意义。
